Chiu Lynn, Bazin Thomas, Truchetet Marie-Elise, Schaeverbeke Thierry, Delhaes Laurence, Pradeu Thomas
University of Bordeaux, CNRS, ImmunoConcept, UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France.
University of Bordeaux, INRA, Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, EA 3671, Bordeaux, France.
Front Immunol. 2017 Dec 7;8:1678. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01678. eCollection 2017.
Resident microbiota do not just shape host immunity, they can also contribute to host protection against pathogens and infectious diseases. Previous reviews of the protective roles of the microbiota have focused exclusively on colonization resistance localized within a microenvironment. This review shows that the protection against pathogens also involves the mitigation of pathogenic impact without eliminating the pathogens (i.e., "disease tolerance") and the containment of microorganisms to prevent pathogenic spread. Protective microorganisms can have an impact beyond their niche, interfering with the entry, establishment, growth, and spread of pathogenic microorganisms. More fundamentally, we propose a series of conceptual clarifications in support of the idea of a "co-immunity," where an organism is protected by both its own immune system and components of its microbiota.
常驻微生物群不仅塑造宿主免疫力，还能帮助宿主抵御病原体和传染病。以往关于微生物群保护作用的综述仅关注微环境内的定植抗性。本综述表明，对病原体的保护还包括减轻病原体的影响而不清除病原体（即“疾病耐受”）以及遏制微生物以防止病原体传播。保护性微生物的影响可超出其生态位，干扰病原微生物的侵入、定植、生长和传播。更根本的是，我们提出了一系列概念性的阐释，以支持“共同免疫”的观点，即生物体受到自身免疫系统及其微生物群组成部分的双重保护。
