Yue Meng, Luo Shudong, Liu Jialin, Wu Jie
Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Economic Animal, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang District, Chongqing, China.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Feb 9;111(1):39-42. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox342.
Multiple stressors and interaction between them may be responsible for the decline of global pollinators. Among them, exposure to neonicotinoids has been getting more attention and has been considered as a main stressor. The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Chinese indigenous honey bee (Apis cerana F.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) are two managed honey bee species in China. These two species are widely used in beekeeping, and many wild A. cerana is widely spread in forests and contributes to the ecosystem. It is predicated that A. cerana is more sensitive to insecticides than A. mellifera due to their smaller mass. Here, we found that although the body mass of A. cerana is significantly lower than A. mellifera, the sensitivity of the two species to neonicotinoids are not associated with their body mass but depended on the chemical structure of neonicotinoids. To dinotefuran, the two species showed the similar sensitivity. To acetamiprid, A. mellifera was less sensitive than A. cerana. However, to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, A. mellifera was more sensitive than A. cerana. These results suggested that the sensitivity of honey bees to neonicotinoids is closely associated with the structure of pesticides, but not with body mass of bees. It is also indicated that the hazards of pesticides to the different pollinators could not be inferred from one species to another.
多种应激源及其之间的相互作用可能是导致全球传粉者数量下降的原因。其中，接触新烟碱类杀虫剂受到了越来越多的关注，并被视为主要应激源。西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）（膜翅目：蜜蜂科）和中华蜜蜂（Apis cerana F.）（膜翅目：蜜蜂科）是中国两种人工养殖的蜜蜂品种。这两个品种在养蜂业中广泛使用，许多野生中华蜜蜂广泛分布于森林中，对生态系统有贡献。据推测，中华蜜蜂由于体型较小，对杀虫剂比西方蜜蜂更敏感。在此，我们发现，尽管中华蜜蜂的体重显著低于西方蜜蜂，但这两个品种对新烟碱类杀虫剂的敏感性与其体重无关，而是取决于新烟碱类杀虫剂的化学结构。对于呋虫胺，这两个品种表现出相似的敏感性。对于啶虫脒，西方蜜蜂比中华蜜蜂更不敏感。然而，对于吡虫啉和噻虫嗪，西方蜜蜂比中华蜜蜂更敏感。这些结果表明，蜜蜂对新烟碱类杀虫剂的敏感性与农药结构密切相关，而与蜜蜂体重无关。这也表明，不能从一个物种推断农药对不同传粉者的危害。
