School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Hefei, 230036, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 6;12(1):16695. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20925-x.
To obtain the presence of environmental contaminants in honeybee and compare the toxicity of the detected pesticides to Apis mellifera ligustica Spin and Apis cerana cerana Fabricius. In this work, 214 honeybee samples were collected to simultaneous monitoring 66 pesticides between 2016 and 2017 in China. A modified QuEChERS extraction method coupled with multi-residue analytical methods by Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS). Among, four pyrethroid pesticides were selected to test and compare the acute oral toxicities of two honeybees. And the survival risk of beta-cypermethrin was analyzed to them. Using this method, 21 compounds were detected, including 3 neonicotinoids, 5 pyrethroids, 5 organophosphorus and 8 others. Importantly, detected frequencies of pyrethroid pesticides were accounted for 53.3%. Among, acute toxicity values (LD) of four pyrethroid pesticides to the A.m. ligustica were higher than of that the A.c. cerana. When they were exposed to the same concentration of beta-cypermethrin (0.2906 mg/L), the survival rate of the A.m. ligustica (40.0%) was higher than the A.c. cerana (18.9%). Our work is valuable to analyze multiple pesticide residues of honeybees and evaluate the survival risk of two honeybee species, which also provides a basis for the risk assessment.
为了获得蜂蜜中环境污染物的存在，并比较所检测到的农药对意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera ligustica Spin）和中华蜜蜂（Apis cerana cerana Fabricius）的毒性。本工作于 2016 年至 2017 年在中国采集了 214 份蜂蜜样本，同时监测了 66 种农药。采用改良的 QuEChERS 提取方法，结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）多残留分析方法。从中选择四种拟除虫菊酯农药进行测试，比较两种蜜蜂的急性口服毒性，并分析β-氯氰菊酯对它们的生存风险。使用该方法检测到 21 种化合物，包括 3 种新烟碱类、5 种拟除虫菊酯类、5 种有机磷类和 8 种其他农药。重要的是，拟除虫菊酯类农药的检出率为 53.3%。其中，四种拟除虫菊酯农药对意大利蜜蜂的急性毒性值（LD）高于中华蜜蜂。当它们暴露在相同浓度的β-氯氰菊酯（0.2906 mg/L）下时，意大利蜜蜂的存活率（40.0%）高于中华蜜蜂（18.9%）。本工作对于分析蜜蜂中多种农药残留和评估两种蜜蜂物种的生存风险具有重要价值，也为风险评估提供了依据。
