Díaz-Gutiérrez Jesús, Ruiz-Canela Miguel, Gea Alfredo, Fernández-Montero Alejandro, Martínez-González Miguel Ángel
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2018 Dec;71(12):1001-1009. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2017.10.038. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
A healthy lifestyle (HLS) is essential to attaining optimal cardiovascular health. Our objective was to assess the association between a HLS score and the incidence of hard cardiovascular disease (CVD) events.
The SUN project is a dynamic, prospective, multipurpose cohort of Spanish university graduates with a retention proportion of 92%. In 19 336 participants, we calculated a HLS score ranging from 0 to 10 points: never smoking, physical activity (> 20 METs-h/wk), Mediterranean diet adherence (≥ 4/8 points), low body mass index (≤ 22), moderate alcohol intake (women, 0.1-5g/d; men, 0.1-10g/d), low television exposure (≤ 2h/d), no binge drinking (≤ 5 alcoholic drinks anytime), taking a short afternoon nap (< 30min/d), meeting up with friends> 1h/d and working> 40h/wk.
After a median follow-up of 10.4 years, we identified 140 incident cases of CVD. After adjustment for potential confounders, the highest category of HLS score adherence (7-10 points) showed a significant 78% relative reduction in the risk of primary CVD compared with the lowest category (0-3 points) (adjusted HR, 0.22; 95%CI, 0.11-0.46). Each healthy habit was individually associated with a lower risk of CVD.
A HLS score including several simple healthy habits was associated with a lower risk of developing primary CVD. This index may be useful to reinforce CVD prevention without the need to include traditional risk factors.
健康的生活方式对于实现最佳心血管健康至关重要。我们的目的是评估健康生活方式评分与严重心血管疾病（CVD）事件发生率之间的关联。
SUN项目是一个动态、前瞻性、多用途的西班牙大学毕业生队列，保留率为92%。在19336名参与者中，我们计算了一个范围从0到10分的健康生活方式评分：从不吸烟、身体活动（>20代谢当量小时/周）、坚持地中海饮食（≥4/8分）、低体重指数（≤22）、适度饮酒（女性，0.1 - 5克/天；男性，0.1 - 10克/天）、低电视观看时间（≤2小时/天）、无暴饮（任何时候≤5杯酒精饮料）、午后短时间午睡（<30分钟/天）、每天与朋友相聚>1小时以及每周工作>40小时。
在中位随访10.4年后，我们确定了140例CVD事件。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，与最低类别（0 - 3分）相比，最高类别的健康生活方式评分依从性（7 - 10分）显示原发性CVD风险相对显著降低78%（调整后风险比，0.22；95%置信区间，0.11 - 0.46）。每个健康习惯都与较低的CVD风险单独相关。
包含多种简单健康习惯的健康生活方式评分与较低的原发性CVD发生风险相关。该指数可能有助于加强CVD预防，而无需纳入传统风险因素。
