J Anim Sci. 2017 Nov;95(11):5054-5063. doi: 10.2527/jas2017.1662.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of viscosity and fermentability of purified nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) on intestinal nutrient and energy flow and hindgut fermentation in growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 15 ileal-cannulated pigs (50.5 ± 2.9 kg BW) were allotted to 5 diets in a 2-period incompletely randomized design. Pigs were provided a cornstarch N-free diet (CST) or a diet containing 5% inulin (INU), carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), or Solka-Floc (SFC). Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of DM, ash, and GE were greater ( < 0.05) in the MCC and SFC diets than in the INU and CMC diets. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, carbohydrates (CHO), and GE and the DE content in the CST and INU diets were greater ( < 0.01) than in the CMC, MCC, and SFC diets. Hindgut disappearance of DM, CHO, and GE in the INU diet was greater ( < 0.05) than in the other N-free diets. The ileal endogenous flow of His, Ile, Leu, Met, Thr, Val, and all dispensable AA in the CMC diet was greater ( < 0.05) than in the other diets. In Exp. 2, 6 ileal-cannulated pigs were allotted to 3 diets containing either a corn-soybean meal control diet or the control diet with 5% INU or CMC in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of Ala, Arg, Asp, Cys, Gly, His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Phe, Ser, Thr, and Val were greater ( < 0.05) in the CMC diet than in the control and INU diets. Incorporation of 5% INU or CMC in the control diet reduced ( < 0.01) the AID of arabinoxylan and insoluble and total NSP. The ATTD of NSP and cellulose and the hindgut disappearance of NSP, β-glucan, and cellulose in the CMC diet were less ( < 0.01) than in the control and INU diets. Inclusion of 5% INU in the diet increased ( < 0.01) hindgut fermentation of insoluble and total NSP compared with the control and CMC diets. In conclusion, depending on the viscosity and fermentability of the NSP, different sources will have different effects on nutrient digestibility and hindgut fermentation. Addition of 5% INU to a corn-soybean meal diet reduced digestibility of the NSP component in the ileum and increased hindgut fermentation of total NSP. In contrast, the inclusion of CMC increased the AID and SID of the diet and reduced total tract digestion and hindgut fermentation of NSP component. Carboxymethylcellulose sodium is not recommended as a source of synthetic fiber in a N-free diet to determine the SID of AA of diets.
进行了两项实验，以确定纯化非淀粉多糖（NSP）的粘性和可发酵性对生长猪肠道养分和能量流动以及后肠发酵的影响。在实验 1 中，将 15 头回肠可结扎的猪（50.5 ± 2.9 kg BW）分为 5 种饮食，采用 2 期不完全随机设计。猪提供无玉米淀粉 N 的饮食（CST）或含 5％菊粉（INU），羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC），微晶纤维素（MCC）或 Solka-Floc（SFC）的饮食。MCC 和 SFC 饮食中 DM，灰分和 GE 的表观回肠消化率（AID）较高（<0.05）。与 CMC，MCC 和 SFC 饮食相比，DM，碳水化合物（CHO）和 GE的总肠道消化率（ATTD）和 CST 和 INU 饮食的 DE 含量更高（<0.01）。INU 饮食中 DM，CHO 和 GE 的后肠消失率更高（<0.05）。在 CMC 饮食中，His，Ile，Leu，Met，Thr，Val 和所有可分配 AA 的回肠内源性流量更高（<0.05）。在实验 2 中，将 6 头回肠可结扎的猪分为 3 种饮食，分别为含有玉米-豆粕对照饮食或对照饮食，外加 5％INU 或 CMC，采用复制的 3 × 3 拉丁方设计。在 CMC 饮食中，Ala，Arg，Asp，Cys，Gly，His，Ile，Leu，Lys，Phe，Ser，Thr 和 Val 的标准回肠消化率（SID）较高（<0.05）。在对照和 INU 饮食中，在对照饮食中添加 5％INU 或 CMC 降低了阿拉伯木聚糖和不溶性和总 NSP的 AID（<0.01）。纤维素和 NSP的 ATTD以及 NSP，β-葡聚糖和纤维素在后肠中的消失率在 CMC 饮食中均低于对照和 INU 饮食（<0.01）。与对照和 CMC 饮食相比，在饮食中添加 5％INU 可增加不溶性和总 NSP的后肠发酵（<0.01）。总之，根据 NSP 的粘性和可发酵性，不同的来源会对养分消化率和后肠发酵产生不同的影响。在玉米-豆粕饮食中添加 5％INU 会降低回肠中 NSP 成分的消化率，并增加总 NSP 的后肠发酵。相比之下，添加 CMC 会提高饮食的 AID 和 SID，并减少 NSP 成分的总肠道消化和后肠发酵。不建议将羧甲基纤维素钠用作无氮饮食中合成纤维的来源，以确定饮食 AA 的 SID。
