GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2018 Jun 14;73(7):914-924. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glx216.
Muscle power has been proposed to be the primary therapeutic target for resistance training interventions aimed at enhancing physical function in older adults. However, no recommendations exist on ideal testing protocols to assess muscle power in older adults, and the safety of this procedure has not been adequately evaluated in the literature.
A systematic review was conducted to identify studies evaluating muscle power exerted by older people in resistance exercises through May 2017. Information from muscle power testing protocols regarding familiarization, warm-up, measuring instrument, exercise, intensity, volume, rest intervals, data collection, and analysis was collected, as well as that regarding adverse events. Reporting bias was evaluated according to the recommendations given by the Cochrane Collaboration group.
From 65 studies that met inclusion criteria, 3,484 older subjects and 11,841 muscle power tests distributed in 6,105 testing sessions were identified. A full description of the different muscle power testing protocols was conducted. In addition, a risk of adverse events of 0.15%-0.69% (one adverse event every 144-658 muscle power tests) was found. However, adverse events were poorly reported, with most of the studies showing a high risk of reporting bias.
Major discrepancies were found in muscle power testing protocols among studies. This might limit consensus on designing optimal training programs to improve muscle power and physical function in older adults, and understanding the main mechanisms involved in the age-related loss of muscle power. Finally, muscle power testing was found to be safe in older people with a broad range of health and functional states.
肌肉力量已被提议为针对增强老年人身体功能的阻力训练干预的主要治疗目标。然而，目前尚无关于评估老年人肌肉力量的理想测试方案的建议，并且该过程的安全性在文献中尚未得到充分评估。
系统回顾旨在确定截至 2017 年 5 月评估老年人在阻力运动中肌肉力量的研究。收集了肌肉力量测试方案中关于熟悉度、热身、测量仪器、运动、强度、量、休息间隔、数据收集和分析的信息，以及有关不良事件的信息。根据 Cochrane 协作组的建议评估报告偏倚。
从符合纳入标准的 65 项研究中，共确定了 3484 名老年人和 11841 次肌肉力量测试分布在 6105 次测试中。对不同的肌肉力量测试方案进行了全面描述。此外，还发现不良事件的风险为 0.15%-0.69%（每 144-658 次肌肉力量测试发生一次不良事件）。然而，不良事件的报告很差，大多数研究显示出高报告偏倚的风险。
研究中发现肌肉力量测试方案存在很大差异。这可能限制了为改善老年人肌肉力量和身体功能而设计最佳训练方案的共识，并理解与年龄相关的肌肉力量丧失有关的主要机制。最后，肌肉力量测试在具有广泛健康和功能状态的老年人中是安全的。
