Laboratory of Genomic Reproductive Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt.
Plant Cell Environ. 2018 Sep;41(9):1972-1983. doi: 10.1111/pce.13123. Epub 2018 Feb 23.
Grain legumes are an important source of nutrition and income for billions of consumers and farmers around the world. However, the low productivity of new legume varieties, due to the limited genetic diversity available for legume breeding programmes and poor policymaker support, combined with an increasingly unpredictable global climate is resulting in a large gap between current yields and the increasing demand for legumes as food. Hence, there is a need for novel approaches to develop new high-yielding legume cultivars that are able to cope with a range of environmental stressors. Next-generation technologies are providing the tools that could enable the more rapid and cost-effective genomic and transcriptomic studies for most major crops, allowing the identification of key functional and regulatory genes involved in abiotic stress resistance. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent achievements regarding abiotic stress resistance in a wide range of legume crops and highlight the transcriptomic and miRNA approaches that have been used. In addition, we critically evaluate the availability and importance of legume genetic resources with desirable abiotic stress resistance traits.
谷物豆类是全世界数十亿消费者和农民的重要营养和收入来源。然而，由于豆类育种计划可利用的遗传多样性有限，以及决策者的支持不力，再加上日益不可预测的全球气候，导致新豆类品种的生产力低下，这使得当前的产量与豆类作为食物的需求不断增加之间存在巨大差距。因此，需要采用新方法来开发能够应对各种环境胁迫的新型高产豆类品种。下一代技术为大多数主要作物提供了更快速、更具成本效益的基因组和转录组研究工具，从而能够鉴定参与非生物胁迫抗性的关键功能和调节基因。在这篇综述中，我们概述了广泛的豆类作物在非生物胁迫抗性方面的最新研究成果，并重点介绍了已使用的转录组和 miRNA 方法。此外，我们还批判性地评估了具有理想非生物胁迫抗性特性的豆类遗传资源的可用性和重要性。
