Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
J Affect Disord. 2018 Mar 15;229:296-305. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.106. Epub 2018 Jan 4.
We examined whether seasonal variations in depressive symptoms occurred independently of demographic and lifestyle factors, and were related to change in day length and/or outdoor temperature.
In a cross-sectional analysis of >150,000 participants of the UK Biobank cohort, we used the cosinor method to assess evidence of seasonality of a total depressive symptoms score and of low mood, anhedonia, tenseness and tiredness scores in women and men. Associations of depressive symptoms with day length and mean outdoor temperature were then examined.
Seasonality of total depressive symptom scores, anhedonia and tiredness scores was observed in women but not men, with peaks in winter. In women, increased day length was associated with reduced reporting of low mood and anhedonia, but with increased reporting of tiredness, independent of demographic and lifestyle factors. Associations with day length were not independent of the average outdoor temperature preceding assessment.
This was a cross-sectional investigation - longitudinal studies of within-subject seasonal variation in mood are necessary. Outcome measures relied on self-report and measured only a subset of depressive symptoms.
This large, population-based study provides evidence of seasonal variation in depressive symptoms in women. Shorter days were associated with increased feelings of low mood and anhedonia in women. Clinicians should be aware of these population-level sex differences in seasonal mood variations in order to aid recognition and treatment of depression and subclinical depressive symptoms.
我们研究了抑郁症状是否独立于人口统计学和生活方式因素而存在季节性变化，以及是否与日长和/或室外温度的变化有关。
在对英国生物库队列中超过 150,000 名参与者的横断面分析中，我们使用余弦法评估了女性和男性的总抑郁症状评分以及情绪低落、快感缺失、紧张和疲倦评分的季节性。然后检查了抑郁症状与日长和平均室外温度的关系。
女性存在总抑郁症状评分、快感缺失和疲倦评分的季节性，冬季达到峰值，而男性则没有。在女性中，日长的增加与情绪低落和快感缺失的报告减少有关，但与疲倦的报告增加有关，这与人口统计学和生活方式因素无关。与日长的关联不受评估前平均室外温度的影响。
这是一项横断面研究 - 需要对个体内季节性情绪变化进行纵向研究。结果衡量依赖于自我报告，仅测量了抑郁症状的一部分。
这项大型基于人群的研究提供了女性抑郁症状季节性变化的证据。白天较短与女性情绪低落和快感缺失的增加有关。临床医生应意识到这些人群水平的季节性情绪变化中的性别差异，以便帮助识别和治疗抑郁症和亚临床抑郁症状。
