Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag x6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
Nutrients. 2018 Jan 12;10(1):73. doi: 10.3390/nu10010073.
Evidence on the association between feeding practices, iron deficiency, anaemia, stunting, and impaired psychomotor development during infancy is limited. This study assessed the association between psychomotor development with early feeding practices, growth, iron status, and anaemia.
This was cross-sectional baseline data of a randomised controlled trial which included 6-month-old infants and their mothers or primary caregivers ( = 750) in a peri-urban community in the North West province of South Africa. The Kilifi Developmental Inventory and a parent rating scale were used to assess psychomotor development. Feeding practices and anthropometric measurements were based on the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. Anaemia and iron status were determined by blood sample analysis.
Prevalence of anaemia and stunting for the infants were 36.4% and 28.5%, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that birth weight was related to combined psychomotor scores ( = -3.427 (-4.603, 1.891), < 0.001), as well as parent rating scores ( = -0.843 (-1.507, -0.180), = 0.013). Length-for-age -scores were associated with combined psychomotor scores ( = -1.419 (-2.466, 0.373), = 0.008), as well as parent rating scores ( = -0.747 (-1.483, -0.010), = 0.047).
In this setting, with high prevalence of anaemia and stunting, important associations between lower psychomotor development scores and birthweight as well as length-for-age -scores in 6-month-old infants were found. These findings warrant further investigation to develop a greater understanding of factors influencing the association between child growth and psychomotor development within the first 1000 days of life.
关于喂养方式、缺铁、贫血、发育迟缓以及婴儿期精神运动发育受损之间关联的证据有限。本研究评估了精神运动发育与早期喂养方式、生长、铁状态和贫血之间的关联。
这是一项在南非西北省一个城市周边社区进行的随机对照试验的横断面基线数据，纳入了 6 月龄婴儿及其母亲或主要照顾者（=750）。使用基利菲发育量表和家长评分量表评估精神运动发育。喂养方式和人体测量学测量均基于世界卫生组织（WHO）指南。通过血液样本分析确定贫血和铁状态。
婴儿贫血和发育迟缓的患病率分别为 36.4%和 28.5%。多元回归分析显示，出生体重与综合精神运动评分相关（=-3.427（-4.603，1.891），<0.001），也与家长评分相关（=-0.843（-1.507，-0.180），=0.013）。身长别年龄评分与综合精神运动评分相关（=-1.419（-2.466，0.373），=0.008），也与家长评分相关（=-0.747（-1.483，-0.010），=0.047）。
在这种情况下，贫血和发育迟缓的患病率较高，发现 6 月龄婴儿的精神运动发育评分较低与出生体重以及身长别年龄评分之间存在重要关联。这些发现需要进一步研究，以更深入地了解影响生命最初 1000 天内儿童生长和精神运动发育之间关联的因素。
