Molero-Chamizo Andrés, Alameda Bailén José R, Garrido Béjar Tamara, García López Macarena, Jaén Rodríguez Inmaculada, Gutiérrez Lérida Carolina, Pérez Panal Silvia, González Ángel Gloria, Lemus Corchero Laura, Ruiz Vega María J, Nitsche Michael A, Rivera-Urbina Guadalupe N
Department of Psychology, University of Huelva, Psychobiology Area Campus El Carmen, 21071, Huelva, Spain.
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Resources, Dortmund, Germany.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2018 Feb;18(1):167-175. doi: 10.3758/s13415-018-0561-0.
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces long-term potentiation-like plasticity, which is associated with long-lasting effects on different cognitive, emotional, and motor performances. Specifically, tDCS applied over the motor cortex is considered to improve reaction time in simple and complex tasks. The timing of tDCS relative to task performance could determine the efficacy of tDCS to modulate performance. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a single session of anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, for 15 min) applied over the left primary motor cortex (M1) versus sham stimulation on performance of a go/no-go simple reaction-time task carried out at three different time points after tDCS-namely, 0, 30, or 60 min after stimulation. Performance zero min after anodal tDCS was improved during the whole course of the task. Performance 30 min after anodal tDCS was improved only in the last block of the reaction-time task. Performance 60 min after anodal tDCS was not significantly different throughout the entire task. These findings suggest that the motor cortex excitability changes induced by tDCS can improve motor responses, and these effects critically depend on the time interval between stimulation and task performance.
阳极经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）可诱导长时程增强样可塑性，这与对不同认知、情绪和运动表现的持久影响有关。具体而言，施加于运动皮层的tDCS被认为可改善简单和复杂任务中的反应时间。tDCS相对于任务表现的时间安排可能决定其调节表现的效果。本研究的目的是比较在左侧初级运动皮层（M1）施加单次阳极tDCS（1.5 mA，持续15分钟）与假刺激对tDCS后三个不同时间点（即刺激后0、30或60分钟）进行的“去/不去”简单反应时间任务表现的影响。阳极tDCS后0分钟时，整个任务过程中的表现均得到改善。阳极tDCS后30分钟时，仅在反应时间任务的最后一个区块中表现得到改善。阳极tDCS后60分钟时，在整个任务过程中无显著差异。这些发现表明，tDCS诱导的运动皮层兴奋性变化可改善运动反应，且这些效应严重依赖于刺激与任务表现之间的时间间隔。
