Allergy Section, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
Division of Immunology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
Curr Pharm Des. 2018;24(11):1174-1194. doi: 10.2174/1381612824666180116094048.
The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 30% of the world population is now affected by one or more allergic conditions and a high proportion of this increase is in young people. The diagnosis of allergy is dependent on a history of symptoms on exposure to an allergen together with the detection of allergen-specific IgE. Accurate diagnosis of allergies opens up therapeutic options. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only successful disease-modifying therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. New therapeutic strategies have been developed or are currently under clinical trials. Besides new routes of administration, new types of allergens are being developed. The use of adjuvants may amplify the immune response towards tolerance to the antigens. In this review, we analyze different antigen-specific immunotherapies according to administration route, type of antigens and adjuvants, and we address the special case of food allergy.
过敏性疾病的患病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。据估计，目前世界上超过 30%的人口受到一种或多种过敏性疾病的影响，而且这一比例的上升主要集中在年轻人中。过敏的诊断取决于接触过敏原后出现症状的病史，以及过敏原特异性 IgE 的检测。准确的过敏诊断为治疗提供了更多选择。过敏原特异性免疫疗法是 IgE 介导的过敏性疾病唯一成功的疾病修正疗法。新的治疗策略已经开发或正在临床试验中。除了新的给药途径，还在开发新类型的过敏原。佐剂的使用可以增强针对抗原的免疫耐受反应。在这篇综述中，我们根据给药途径、抗原和佐剂的类型分析了不同的抗原特异性免疫疗法，并讨论了食物过敏的特殊情况。
