Environmental and Nano Science, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Chemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar;25(8):7299-7314. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-1171-z. Epub 2018 Jan 19.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are very tenacious wastewater contaminants. The consequences of their existence have been acknowledged for negatively affecting the ecosystem with specific impact upon endocrine disruption and hormonal diseases in humans. Their recalcitrance and circumvention of nearly all the known wastewater treatment procedures are also well documented. The reported successes of POPs treatment using various advanced technologies are not without setbacks such as low degradation efficiency, generation of toxic intermediates, massive sludge production, and high energy expenditure and operational cost. However, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have recently recorded successes in the treatment of POPs in wastewater. AOPs are technologies which involve the generation of OH radicals for the purpose of oxidising recalcitrant organic contaminants to their inert end products. This review provides information on the existence of POPs and their effects on humans. Besides, the merits and demerits of various advanced treatment technologies as well as the synergistic efficiency of combined AOPs in the treatment of wastewater containing POPs was reported. A concise review of recently published studies on successful treatment of POPs in wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitation technology in combination with other advanced oxidation processes is presented with the highlight of direction for future research focus.
持久性有机污染物（POPs）是非常顽固的废水污染物。它们的存在对生态系统造成负面影响，特别是对人类的内分泌干扰和激素疾病，已经得到了公认。它们的顽固性和几乎所有已知废水处理方法的规避也有案可查。虽然使用各种先进技术处理 POPs 已经取得了一些成功，但也存在一些问题，如降解效率低、产生有毒中间体、大量污泥产生以及高能耗和运营成本。然而，高级氧化工艺（AOPs）最近在处理废水中的 POPs 方面取得了成功。AOPs 是一种技术，涉及生成 OH 自由基，目的是将难降解的有机污染物氧化为惰性的最终产物。本文提供了有关 POPs 存在及其对人类影响的信息。此外，还报告了各种先进处理技术的优缺点，以及组合 AOPs 在处理含有 POPs 的废水中的协同效率。本文简要回顾了最近使用水力空化技术与其他高级氧化工艺相结合成功处理废水中 POPs 的研究，并强调了未来研究重点的方向。
