Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
J Glaucoma. 2018 May;27(5):429-432. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000898.
The water drinking test (WDT) is currently used to temporarily elevate intraocular pressure (IOP) and predict peak IOP in glaucoma. This study investigates neurovascular changes associated with WDT in normal subjects.
The effect of WDT (1 L in 5 min) on IOP, mean brachial blood pressure, heart rate, and pattern electroretinogram was assessed within the next hour in 16 healthy subjects (mean age: 33.5±7.9 y). As a control, testing was repeated in the same subjects without WDT 1 week later.
Compared with control, WDT resulted in significant peak changes of the following parameters compared with baseline: IOP: +1.7±1.8 mm Hg after 30', mean brachial blood pressure: +3.9±6.3 mm Hg after 15'; heart rate: -9.2±9.8 bpm after 15', pattern electroretinogram latency: +2.1±0.9 ms after 15'.
In addition to IOP elevation, WDT was associated with significant changes of hemodynamic parameters and retinal ganglion cell function in young healthy subjects. As these represent risk factors for glaucoma, their assessment upon WDT might increase its predictive power for glaucoma development.
饮水试验（WDT）目前用于暂时升高眼内压（IOP）并预测青光眼的峰值IOP。本研究调查了正常受试者中与 WDT 相关的神经血管变化。
在 16 名健康受试者（平均年龄：33.5±7.9 岁）中，在接下来的 1 小时内评估了 WDT（在 5 分钟内饮用 1 升水）对 IOP、肱动脉血压、心率和图形视网膜电图的影响。作为对照，1 周后在相同的受试者中不进行 WDT 重复测试。
与对照相比，WDT 导致以下参数与基线相比出现显著的峰值变化：IOP：在 30'时升高+1.7±1.8mmHg，肱动脉血压平均：在 15'时升高+3.9±6.3mmHg，心率：在 15'时降低-9.2±9.8bpm，图形视网膜电图潜伏期：在 15'时延长+2.1±0.9ms。
除了IOP 升高外，WDT 还与年轻健康受试者的血流动力学参数和视网膜神经节细胞功能的显著变化相关。由于这些是青光眼的危险因素，因此在 WDT 时评估它们可能会增加其对青光眼发展的预测能力。
