Craig Tony P, Fischer Anke, Lorenzo-Arribas Altea
Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences Research Group, The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jan 23;9:9. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00009. eCollection 2018.
Although a growing volume of empirical research shows that being in nature is important for human wellbeing, the definition of what constitutes an 'experience in nature,' and how this is different from other types of experiences, is very often left implied. In this paper we contrast everyday experiences involving nature with a category of everyday experience in which most people regularly partake. We present an exploratory study in which people ( = 357) were explicitly asked to describe a memory they had of an everyday 'experience which involved nature,' as well as an everyday 'experience which involved shopping.' The open-ended responses to these questions were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Nature experiences were generally found to be more positive than shopping experiences, and they were more likely to be rated as 'peaceful' and 'active' compared to shopping experiences. Follow-up analyses indicate a significant interaction between experience category (nature or shopping), and the relationship between connectedness to nature and the amount of pleasure associated with that experience: The more strongly connected to nature a respondent was, the larger the disparity between the pleasantness of the shopping experience and that of the experience in nature tended to be.
尽管越来越多的实证研究表明，身处自然对人类福祉很重要，但“自然体验”的构成要素是什么，以及它与其他类型的体验有何不同，却常常未被明确说明。在本文中，我们将涉及自然的日常体验与大多数人经常参与的一类日常体验进行对比。我们开展了一项探索性研究，明确要求人们（(n = 357)）描述他们对日常“涉及自然的体验”以及日常“涉及购物的体验”的记忆。对这些问题的开放式回答进行了定量和定性分析。结果发现，自然体验总体上比购物体验更积极，与购物体验相比，它们更有可能被评为“宁静的”和“充满活力的”。后续分析表明，体验类别（自然或购物）与与自然的联系程度和该体验所带来的愉悦感之间存在显著的交互作用：受访者与自然的联系越紧密，购物体验的愉悦感与自然体验的愉悦感之间的差距往往就越大。
