Tchilingaryan L I
Physiol Bohemoslov. 1985;34 Suppl:159-63.
Instrumental conditioned reflexes (CRs) were elaborated in dogs. In the first and second series of experiments-alimentary reflexes, in the third-defensive ones. Conditioned stimuli were light flashes in the first series and electrostimulations (ESs) of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) in the second and third series. During the formation and stabilization of CRs. ESs of other structures of the limbic system (LS) induced instrumental reactions. In the first series they were less perfect, arising in response to stimulation of a small number of LS structures and more seldomly, than in the second and third series. Statistically significant differences were found between data of the first and second series in per cent of instrumental movements, for a major part of LS structures. But no difference were found between the second and the third series. These facts confirm the suggestion that the phenomenon, revealed in the second and third series, is based mainly on the mechanism of afferent generalization. A change of the motivational level by electrostimulation of limbic structures probably activated environmental reflexes and intensified the generation of CR. However, weakly manifested instrumental reactions to ES of LS structures in the first series and insignificant differences between data of the second and third series serve as evidence about the minor participation of the second mechanism in this phenomenon.
在狗身上建立了工具性条件反射（CRs）。在第一和第二系列实验中是食物反射，在第三系列中是防御反射。条件刺激在第一系列中是闪光，在第二和第三系列中是下丘脑外侧（LH）的电刺激（ESs）。在CRs的形成和稳定过程中，边缘系统（LS）其他结构的ESs诱发了工具性反应。在第一系列中，这些反应不太完善，是对少数LS结构的刺激做出的反应，且比在第二和第三系列中出现得更少。对于大部分LS结构，在第一和第二系列的数据中，工具性动作的百分比存在统计学上的显著差异。但在第二和第三系列之间未发现差异。这些事实证实了这样的推测，即在第二和第三系列中揭示的现象主要基于传入性泛化机制。通过对边缘结构进行电刺激来改变动机水平，可能激活了环境反射并增强了CR的产生。然而，在第一系列中对LS结构的ESs表现出的微弱工具性反应以及第二和第三系列数据之间的微小差异，证明了第二种机制在这一现象中的参与程度较小。
