Omisore Akinlolu Gabriel, Omisore Bridget, Abioye-Kuteyi Emmanuel Akintunde, Bello Ibrahim Sebutu, Olowookere Samuel Anu
1Department of Community Medicine, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
2Department of Family Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
BMC Obes. 2018 Jan 26;5:2. doi: 10.1186/s40608-018-0179-3. eCollection 2018.
Obesity is a risk factor for hypertension. The study observed the relationship between adolescent weight status and blood pressure (BP) and the determinants of the BP pattern in urban and rural areas.
This was a cross-sectional study of 1000 randomly selected respondents (500 from urban and 500 from rural areas) who had anthropometry and BP measurements done. The pattern of BP measurements based on the weight status by location was observed. Statistical inferences were drawn via Chi-square and logistic regression.
The mean age for all the respondents was 13.73 years ±2.04 (13.63 ± 2.05 for urban and 13.82 ± 2.03 for rural). Systolic and diastolic BP generally increased with increasing respondents' age, with mean pressures higher in urban areas. About 3% were obese, while 7.7% were overweight. The overall prevalence of high BP was 4.1%, with two-thirds coming from urban areas. On logistic regression analysis, the significant variables associated with high BP include being female (AOR 2.067, 95%CI1.007-4.243, = 0.048), overweight (AOR 5.574, 95%CI 2.501-12.421, = 0.0001) and obese (AOR 12.437, 95%CI 4.636-33.364, p = 0.0001).
High BP was associated with being female, overweight and obesity in both urban and rural areas. Urgent measures are needed to address increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents and consequent high blood pressure.
肥胖是高血压的一个风险因素。该研究观察了青少年体重状况与血压（BP）之间的关系以及城乡地区血压模式的决定因素。
这是一项横断面研究，对1000名随机选取的受访者（500名来自城市，500名来自农村）进行了人体测量和血压测量。观察了基于地点和体重状况的血压测量模式。通过卡方检验和逻辑回归进行统计推断。
所有受访者的平均年龄为13.73岁±2.04（城市为13.63±2.05，农村为13.82±2.03）。收缩压和舒张压通常随着受访者年龄的增加而升高，城市地区的平均血压更高。约3%为肥胖，7.7%为超重。高血压的总体患病率为4.1%，其中三分之二来自城市地区。逻辑回归分析显示，与高血压相关的显著变量包括女性（比值比2.067，95%置信区间1.007 - 4.243，P = 0.048）、超重（比值比5.574，95%置信区间2.501 - 12.421，P = 0.0001）和肥胖（比值比12.437，95%置信区间4.636 - 33.364，P = 0.0001）。
城乡地区的高血压均与女性、超重和肥胖有关。需要采取紧急措施来应对青少年中超重和肥胖患病率的上升以及随之而来的高血压问题。
