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埃塞俄比亚西南部本奇马吉地区米赞阿曼镇12至23个月大儿童的免疫接种覆盖率及全程接种相关因素评估

Assessment of Child Immunization Coverage and Associated Factors with Full Vaccination among Children Aged 12-23 Months at Mizan Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

作者信息

Meleko Asrat, Geremew Mesfin, Birhanu Frehiwot

机构信息

Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Int J Pediatr. 2017;2017:7976587. doi: 10.1155/2017/7976587. Epub 2017 Dec 24.

Abstract

Immunization remains one of the most important and cost-effective public health interventions to reduce child mortality and morbidity. Globally, it is estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year. In Ethiopia, immunization coverage rates stagnated and remained very low for many years. Thus, this study was aimed to assess child immunization coverage and factors associated with full vaccination among children aged 12-23 months in Mizan Aman town. The study design was community-based cross-sectional survey. Data was collected by using pretested structured questionnaire. A total of 322 mothers/caretakers were interviewed. Based on vaccination card and mothers/caretakers' recall, 295 (91.6%) of the children took at least a single dose of vaccine. From total children, 27 (8.4%) were not immunized at all, 159 (49.4%) were partially immunized, and 136 (42.2%) were fully immunized. Mothers/caretakers educational level, fathers' educational level, place of delivery, maternal health care utilization, and mothers/caretakers knowledge about vaccine and vaccine-preventable disease showed significant association with full child immunization. The finding from this study revealed that child immunization coverage in the studied area was low. Thus the town health office and concerned stakeholders need to work more to improve performance of the expanded program on immunization in this area.

摘要

免疫接种仍然是降低儿童死亡率和发病率的最重要且最具成本效益的公共卫生干预措施之一。据估计,在全球范围内,免疫接种每年可避免200万至300万人死亡。在埃塞俄比亚,免疫接种覆盖率多年来一直停滞不前且维持在很低的水平。因此,本研究旨在评估米赞阿曼镇12至23个月大儿童的免疫接种覆盖率以及与全程接种疫苗相关的因素。研究设计为基于社区的横断面调查。通过使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集数据。总共采访了322名母亲/照料者。根据疫苗接种卡和母亲/照料者的回忆,295名(91.6%)儿童至少接种了一剂疫苗。在所有儿童中,27名(8.4%)完全未接种疫苗,159名(49.4%)部分接种疫苗,136名(42.2%)全程接种疫苗。母亲/照料者的教育水平、父亲的教育水平、分娩地点、孕产妇保健利用情况以及母亲/照料者对疫苗和疫苗可预防疾病的了解与儿童全程免疫接种呈显著关联。本研究的结果显示,研究地区的儿童免疫接种覆盖率较低。因此,镇卫生办公室和相关利益攸关方需要做出更多努力,以提高该地区扩大免疫规划的绩效。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a980/5757163/f130bdac81fc/IJPEDI2017-7976587.001.jpg

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