Seo In-Seok, Lee Hwan-Gon, Koo Bonkon, Koh Chin Su, Park Hae-Yong, Im Changkyun, Shin Hyung-Cheul
College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
Gangwon Provincial Police Agency, Chuncheon, Korea.
PLoS One. 2018 Feb 13;13(2):e0192629. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192629. eCollection 2018.
Although several studies have been performed to detect cancer using canine olfaction, none have investigated whether canine olfaction trained to the specific odor of one cancer is able to detect odor related to other unfamiliar cancers. To resolve this issue, we employed breast and colorectal cancer in vitro, and investigated whether trained dogs to odor related to metabolic waste from breast cancer are able to detect it from colorectal cancer, and vice versa. The culture liquid samples used in the cultivation of cancerous cells (4T1 and CT26) were employed as an experimental group. Two different breeds of dogs were trained for the different cancer odor each other. The dogs were then tested using a double-blind method and cross-test to determine whether they could correctly detect the experimental group, which contains the specific odor for metabolic waste of familiar or unfamiliar cancer. For two cancers, both dogs regardless of whether training or non-training showed that accuracy was over 90%, and sensitivity and specificity were over 0.9, respectively. Through these results, it was verified that the superior olfactory ability of dogs can discriminate odor for metabolic waste of cancer cells from it of benign cells, and that the specific odor for metabolic waste of breast cancer has not significant differences to it of colorectal cancer. That is, it testifies that metabolic waste between breast and colorectal cancer have the common specific odor in vitro. Accordingly, a trained dogs for detecting odor for metabolic waste of breast cancer can perceive it of colorectal cancer, and vice versa. In order to the future work, we will plan in vivo experiment for the two cancers and suggest research as to what kind of cancers have the common specific odor. Furthermore, the relationship between breast and colorectal cancer should be investigated using other research methods.
尽管已经进行了多项利用犬类嗅觉检测癌症的研究，但尚无研究调查过，针对一种癌症的特定气味进行训练的犬类嗅觉，是否能够检测出与其他不熟悉的癌症相关的气味。为了解决这个问题，我们采用乳腺癌和结直肠癌的体外模型，研究了针对乳腺癌代谢废物相关气味进行训练的犬类，是否能够从结直肠癌中检测出这种气味，反之亦然。用于培养癌细胞（4T1和CT26）的培养液样本被用作实验组。两种不同品种的犬类分别针对不同的癌症气味进行训练。然后，使用双盲法和交叉测试对犬类进行测试，以确定它们是否能够正确检测出包含熟悉或不熟悉癌症代谢废物特定气味的实验组。对于这两种癌症，无论是否经过训练，两只犬类的准确率均超过90%，敏感性和特异性分别超过0.9。通过这些结果，证实了犬类卓越的嗅觉能力能够区分癌细胞代谢废物的气味与良性细胞的气味，并且乳腺癌代谢废物的特定气味与结直肠癌的特定气味没有显著差异。也就是说，这证明了乳腺癌和结直肠癌的代谢废物在体外具有共同的特定气味。因此，针对乳腺癌代谢废物气味进行训练的犬类能够感知结直肠癌的代谢废物气味，反之亦然。为了未来的工作，我们将计划对这两种癌症进行体内实验，并提出关于哪些癌症具有共同特定气味的研究。此外，应该使用其他研究方法来研究乳腺癌和结直肠癌之间的关系。
