Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2019 Apr;58(3):1067-1079. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1624-2. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
The association of complex dietary patterns with circulating selenoprotein P (SELENOP) levels in humans is unknown. In a general population sample, we aimed to identify a dietary pattern explaining inter-individual variation in circulating SELENOP concentrations and to study this pattern in relation to prevalent diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), MRI-determined total volumes of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) abdominal adipose tissue, and liver signal intensity/fatty liver disease.
In this cross-sectional study, serum SELENOP levels were measured in 853 individuals. In a subsample of 553 participants, whole-body MRI was performed to assess body fat distribution and liver fat. Dietary intake was assessed by a self-administered food frequency questionnaire and the dietary pattern identified using reduced-rank regression (RRR). Multivariable linear and logistic regressions were used to investigate associations between dietary pattern score and metabolic traits.
Characterized by high intake of fruit, vegetables and antioxidant beverages, the RRR-derived dietary pattern displayed inverse associations with VAT, SAT, MetS, and prevalent diabetes in multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic splines. Each unit increase in dietary pattern score was associated with 31% higher SELENOP levels, 12% lower VAT (95% CI: - 19%; - 5%), 13% (95% CI: - 20%; - 6%) lower SAT values and 46% (95% CI: 27%; 60%) and 53% (95% CI: 22%; 72%) lower odds of having MetS or diabetes, respectively. No meaningful relations were observed between the dietary pattern and liver traits.
Our observations propose diet-related regulation in SELENOP levels and that the identified dietary pattern is inversely related to VAT, SAT, MetS, and prevalent diabetes.
复杂的饮食模式与人体循环中硒蛋白 P（SELENOP）水平的关系尚不清楚。在一般人群样本中，我们旨在确定一种饮食模式，以解释个体间循环中 SELENOP 浓度的差异，并研究该模式与现患糖尿病、代谢综合征（MetS）、磁共振成像（MRI）确定的内脏（VAT）和皮下（SAT）腹部脂肪组织总量以及肝脏信号强度/脂肪肝之间的关系。
在这项横断面研究中，测量了 853 名个体的血清 SELENOP 水平。在 553 名参与者的亚组中，进行了全身 MRI 检查以评估体脂分布和肝脏脂肪。通过自我管理的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入，使用降秩回归（RRR）确定饮食模式。使用多变量线性和逻辑回归来研究饮食模式评分与代谢特征之间的关系。
RRR 得出的饮食模式以高水果、蔬菜和抗氧化饮料摄入量为特征，与多变量调整的限制立方样条中的 VAT、SAT、MetS 和现患糖尿病呈负相关。饮食模式评分每增加一个单位，SELENOP 水平就会升高 31%，VAT（95%CI：-19%；-5%）降低 12%，SAT 值降低 13%（95%CI：-20%；-6%），MetS 或糖尿病的发生几率分别降低 46%（95%CI：27%；60%）和 53%（95%CI：22%；72%）。饮食模式与肝脏特征之间没有明显的关系。
我们的观察结果表明，SELENOP 水平与饮食有关，所确定的饮食模式与 VAT、SAT、MetS 和现患糖尿病呈负相关。
