Gamboa-Gómez Claudia I, Rocha-Guzmán Nuria E, Gallegos-Infante J Alberto, Moreno-Jiménez Martha R, Vázquez-Cabral Blanca D, González-Laredo Rubén F
Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., 34080 Durango, Dgo., México.
EXCLI J. 2015 Jul 9;14:809-31. doi: 10.17179/excli2015-186. eCollection 2015.
Obesity is the most prevalent nutritional disease and a growing public health problem worldwide. This disease is a causal component of the metabolic syndrome related with abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, inflammation, among others. There are anti-obesity drugs, affecting the fundamental processes of the weight regulation; however they have shown serious side effects, which outweigh their beneficial effects. Most recent studies on the treatment of obesity and its complications have focused on the potential role of different plants preparation that can exert a positive effect on the mechanisms involved in this pathology. For instance, anti-obesity effects of green tea and its isolated active principles have been reported in both in vitro (cell cultures) and in vivo (animal models) that possess healthy effects, decreasing adipose tissue through reduction of adipocytes differentiation and proliferation. A positive effect in lipid profile, and lipid and carbohydrates metabolisms were demonstrated as well. In addition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were studied. However, the consumption of green tea and its products is not that common in Western countries, where other plants with similar bioactivity predominate; nevertheless, the effect extension has not been analyzed in depth, despite of their potential as alternative treatment for obesity. In this review the anti-obesity potential and reported mechanisms of action of diverse plants such as: Camellia sinensis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hypericum perforatum, Persea americana, Phaseolus vulgaris, Capsicum annuum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Ilex paraguariensis, Citrus paradisi, Citrus limon, Punica granatum, Aloe vera, Taraxacum officinale and Arachis hypogaea is summarized. We consider the potential of these plants as natural alternative treatments of some metabolic alterations associated with obesity.
肥胖是全球最普遍的营养疾病，也是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。这种疾病是代谢综合征的一个致病因素，与包括高血糖、血脂异常、高血压、炎症等异常情况相关。有一些抗肥胖药物，影响体重调节的基本过程；然而，它们已显示出严重的副作用，其副作用超过了有益效果。最近关于肥胖症及其并发症治疗的研究集中在不同植物制剂的潜在作用上，这些植物制剂可以对该病理过程中涉及的机制产生积极影响。例如，绿茶及其分离出的活性成分在体外（细胞培养）和体内（动物模型）均已报道具有抗肥胖作用，具有有益健康的效果，通过减少脂肪细胞的分化和增殖来减少脂肪组织。在脂质谱以及脂质和碳水化合物代谢方面也显示出积极作用。此外，还研究了其抗炎和抗氧化活性。然而，在西方国家，绿茶及其产品的消费并不那么普遍，在这些国家，其他具有类似生物活性的植物占主导地位；尽管如此，尽管它们有作为肥胖症替代治疗方法的潜力，但尚未对其效果范围进行深入分析。在这篇综述中，总结了多种植物如：茶树、玫瑰茄、贯叶连翘、鳄梨、菜豆、辣椒、迷迭香、巴拉圭冬青、葡萄柚、柠檬、石榴、芦荟、蒲公英和落花生的抗肥胖潜力及其报道的作用机制。我们认为这些植物作为与肥胖相关的一些代谢改变的天然替代治疗方法的潜力。
