Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Drug and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Curr Med Chem. 2019;26(12):2108-2146. doi: 10.2174/0929867325666180214102918.
The term cancer represents a set of more than 100 diseases that are caused due to an uncontrolled growth of cells; and their subsequent spread to the other tissues and organs of the body by a phenomenon, called 'metastasis'. According to the estimates provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is expected to account for about 10 million deaths per year by 2020 and 21 million cancer cases, which may lead to 13 million deaths by 2030, making cancer as the cause of highest mortality in contrast to other diseases. The search for potential therapeutics against cancer, which can reduce the side-effects that occur due to the difficulty of recognition between cancerous and normal cells, has ever been increased. In this view, nanotechnology, especially metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), comes to aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents, which may be synthesized or modified with the most diverse functional chemical groups; this property makes the metallic nanoparticles suitable for conjugation with already known drugs or prospective drug candidates. The biocompatibility, relatively simple synthesis, size flexibility and easy chemical modification of its surface, all make the metallic nanoparticles highly advantageous for opportune diagnosis and therapy of cancer. The present article analyzes and reports the anti-tumor activities of 78 papers of various metallic nanoparticles, particularly the ones containing copper, gold, iron, silver and titanium in their composition.
癌症是一组 100 多种疾病的统称，这些疾病是由于细胞的失控生长引起的；随后，通过一种称为“转移”的现象，这些细胞会扩散到身体的其他组织和器官。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的估计，到 2020 年，癌症每年将导致约 1000 万人死亡，到 2030 年，癌症病例可能会达到 2100 万，导致的死亡人数将超过其他疾病，成为死亡率最高的疾病。为了寻找能够降低因难以区分癌细胞和正常细胞而导致的副作用的潜在癌症治疗方法，人们的关注度一直在增加。在这方面，纳米技术，特别是金属纳米粒子（MNPs），有助于开发新的治疗剂，可以用最多样的功能化学基团来合成或修饰；这种特性使金属纳米粒子适合与已有的药物或潜在的药物候选物结合。金属纳米粒子的生物相容性、相对简单的合成、尺寸灵活性和表面易于化学修饰，都使其成为癌症及时诊断和治疗的极具优势的工具。本文分析并报告了 78 篇关于各种金属纳米粒子（特别是含有铜、金、铁、银和钛的金属纳米粒子）的抗肿瘤活性的论文。
