Rowhani-Farid Anisa, Allen Michelle, Barnett Adrian G
Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, 4059 Australia.
Res Integr Peer Rev. 2017 May 5;2:4. doi: 10.1186/s41073-017-0028-9. eCollection 2017.
The foundation of health and medical research is data. Data sharing facilitates the progress of research and strengthens science. Data sharing in research is widely discussed in the literature; however, there are seemingly no evidence-based incentives that promote data sharing.
A systematic review (registration: 10.17605/OSF.IO/6PZ5E) of the health and medical research literature was used to uncover any evidence-based incentives, with pre- and post-empirical data that examined data sharing rates. We were also interested in quantifying and classifying the number of opinion pieces on the importance of incentives, the number observational studies that analysed data sharing rates and practices, and strategies aimed at increasing data sharing rates.
Only one incentive (using open data badges) has been tested in health and medical research that examined data sharing rates. The number of opinion pieces ( = 85) out-weighed the number of article-testing strategies ( = 76), and the number of observational studies exceeded them both ( = 106).
Given that data is the foundation of evidence-based health and medical research, it is paradoxical that there is only one evidence-based incentive to promote data sharing. More well-designed studies are needed in order to increase the currently low rates of data sharing.
健康与医学研究的基础是数据。数据共享有助于研究进展并强化科学。研究中的数据共享在文献中得到广泛讨论；然而，似乎不存在基于证据的促进数据共享的激励措施。
对健康与医学研究文献进行系统综述（注册号：10.17605/OSF.IO/6PZ5E），以发现任何基于证据的激励措施，以及检验数据共享率的实证前后数据。我们还对量化和分类关于激励措施重要性的观点文章数量、分析数据共享率和实践的观察性研究数量以及旨在提高数据共享率的策略感兴趣。
在检验数据共享率的健康与医学研究中，仅对一种激励措施（使用开放数据徽章）进行了测试。观点文章数量（=85）超过了检验策略的文章数量（=76），观察性研究数量则超过了前两者（=106）。
鉴于数据是循证健康与医学研究的基础，仅有一项基于证据的促进数据共享的激励措施这一现象自相矛盾。需要开展更多设计良好的研究，以提高当前较低的数据共享率。
