Rowhani-Farid Anisa, Aldcroft Adrian, Barnett Adrian G
Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
R Soc Open Sci. 2020 Mar 18;7(3):191818. doi: 10.1098/rsos.191818. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Sharing data and code are important components of reproducible research. Data sharing in research is widely discussed in the literature; however, there are no well-established evidence-based incentives that reward data sharing, nor randomized studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of data sharing policies at increasing data sharing. A simple incentive, such as an Open Data Badge, might provide the change needed to increase data sharing in health and medical research. This study was a parallel group randomized controlled trial (protocol registration: doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PXWZQ) with two groups, control and intervention, with 80 research articles published in per group, with a total of 160 research articles. The intervention group received an email offer for an Open Data Badge if they shared their data along with their final publication and the control group received an email with no offer of a badge if they shared their data with their final publication. The primary outcome was the data sharing rate. Badges did not noticeably motivate researchers who published in to share their data; the odds of awarding badges were nearly equal in the intervention and control groups (odds ratio = 0.9, 95% CI [0.1, 9.0]). Data sharing rates were low in both groups, with just two datasets shared in each of the intervention and control groups. The global movement towards open science has made significant gains with the development of numerous data sharing policies and tools. What remains to be established is an effective incentive that motivates researchers to take up such tools to share their data.
共享数据和代码是可重复研究的重要组成部分。研究中的数据共享在文献中得到了广泛讨论；然而，目前尚无完善的基于证据的激励措施来奖励数据共享，也没有随机研究证明数据共享政策在增加数据共享方面的有效性。一个简单的激励措施，比如开放数据徽章，可能会为增加健康和医学研究中的数据共享提供所需的改变。本研究是一项平行组随机对照试验（方案注册号：doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/PXWZQ），分为对照组和干预组，每组发表80篇研究文章，共160篇研究文章。干预组如果在最终发表文章时共享其数据，会收到一封提供开放数据徽章的电子邮件，而对照组如果在最终发表文章时共享其数据，则会收到一封不提供徽章的电子邮件。主要结果是数据共享率。徽章并没有显著激励在[具体期刊名称未给出]上发表文章的研究人员共享他们的数据；干预组和对照组授予徽章的几率几乎相等（优势比=0.9，95%置信区间[0.1,9.0]）。两组的数据共享率都很低，干预组和对照组各只有两个数据集被共享。随着众多数据共享政策和工具的发展，全球开放科学运动取得了重大进展。有待确立的是一种有效的激励措施，促使研究人员使用此类工具来共享他们的数据。
