Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
Kinesiology Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, United States.
Prev Med. 2018 Jun;111:14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Feb 15.
Neighborhood conditions may have an important impact on physical activity and sedentary behaviors in the older population. Most previous studies in this area are cross-sectional and report mixed findings regarding the effects of neighborhood environment on different types of physical activity. Moreover, little is known about the prospective relationship between neighborhood environment and sedentary behaviors. Our analysis included 136,526 participants from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (age 51-70). Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was measured with an index based on census variables and developed using principal component analysis. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors were measured both at baseline (1995-1996) and follow-up (2004-2006). Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the prospective relationship between neighborhood deprivation and exercise, non-exercise physical activity, and sedentary behaviors, adjusting for baseline physical activity and sedentary behaviors as well as potential confounders. We found that more severe neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was prospectively associated with reduced time for exercise (β vs (95% confidence interval), hour, -0.85 (-0.95, -0.75)) but increased time spent in non-exercise physical activities (1.16 (0.97, 1.34)), such as household activities, outdoor chores, and walking for transportation. Moreover, people from more deprived neighborhoods were also more likely to engage in prolonged (≥5 h/day) TV viewing (Odds ratio vs (95% confidence interval), 1.21 (1.15, 1.27)). In conclusion, neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation is associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior in the older population. These associations may differ for different types of physical activities.
社区环境可能对老年人的身体活动和久坐行为产生重要影响。该领域的大多数先前研究都是横断面研究，报告了社区环境对不同类型身体活动影响的混合结果。此外，对于社区环境与久坐行为之间的前瞻性关系知之甚少。我们的分析包括来自 NIH-AARP 饮食与健康研究（年龄 51-70 岁）的 136526 名参与者。使用基于人口普查变量并通过主成分分析开发的指数来衡量社区社会经济剥夺程度。身体活动和久坐行为在基线（1995-1996 年）和随访（2004-2006 年）时均进行测量。进行多元回归分析以检查社区贫困与锻炼、非锻炼身体活动和久坐行为之间的前瞻性关系，调整基线身体活动和久坐行为以及潜在的混杂因素。我们发现，更严重的社区社会经济剥夺与锻炼时间减少（β 与（95%置信区间），小时，-0.85（-0.95，-0.75））但与非锻炼身体活动时间增加（1.16（0.97，1.34））相关，如家务活动、户外杂务和步行作为交通方式。此外，来自贫困社区的人也更有可能长时间（≥5 小时/天）看电视（比值比 与（95%置信区间），1.21（1.15，1.27））。总之，社区社会经济剥夺与老年人的身体活动和久坐行为有关。这些关联可能因不同类型的身体活动而有所不同。
