1Sensometrics & Consumer Science,Instituto Polo Tecnológico de Pando,Facultad de Química,Universidad de la República,By Pass de Rutas 8 y 101 s/n,CP 91000,Pando,Canelones,Uruguay.
2MAPP Centre for Research on Customer Relations in the Food Sector,Aarhus University,Aarhus,Denmark.
Public Health Nutr. 2018 Jul;21(10):1952-1960. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018000241. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
The current study aimed to assess Uruguayan consumers' accounts of their own need to change their dietary patterns, their intended changes and the barriers related to doing so, and to compare the intentions and barriers with the recommendations of the national dietary guidelines.
An online survey with 2381 Uruguayan employed adults, aged between 18 and 65 years, 65 % females, was conducted. Participants had to answer two open-ended questions related to changes they could make in the foods they eat and/or the way in which they eat to improve the quality of their diet and the reasons why they had not implemented those changes yet. Content analysis using inductive coding by two researchers was used to analyse the responses.
Consumers mainly intended to change consumption of types of foods, particularly eating more fruits, vegetables and legumes and consuming less flour, but also intended to alter their eating patterns. Lack of time and the fact that healthy foods are perceived as being more expensive than unhealthy foods were major barriers to behaviour change. Some of the recommendations of the dietary guidelines, particularly those related to enjoying cooking and meals and engaging in it as a social activity, were not represented in consumer accounts.
Accompanying policies to the dietary guidelines need to underline the importance of changes in dietary patterns, including greater enjoyment and sharing food preparation and meals in the company with others, address misconceptions about flour, and provide concrete, consumer-derived recommendations on how to enact the guidelines.
本研究旨在评估乌拉圭消费者对改变饮食模式的自身需求的看法，他们的预期改变以及相关的障碍，并将这些意图和障碍与国家饮食指南的建议进行比较。
对 2381 名年龄在 18 至 65 岁之间、65%为女性的乌拉圭在职成年人进行了一项在线调查。参与者必须回答两个与他们可以在食用的食物种类和/或进食方式方面做出的改变相关的开放性问题，以改善他们的饮食质量，以及他们尚未实施这些改变的原因。使用两名研究人员的归纳式编码对回答进行了内容分析。
消费者主要打算改变食物的消费类型，特别是多吃水果、蔬菜和豆类，少吃面粉，但也打算改变他们的饮食习惯。缺乏时间和健康食品被认为比不健康食品更贵是行为改变的主要障碍。饮食指南的一些建议，特别是与享受烹饪和用餐以及将其作为一种社交活动有关的建议，并没有在消费者的描述中体现。
伴随饮食指南的政策需要强调饮食模式改变的重要性，包括更大程度地享受和分享食物准备和与他人一起用餐，纠正关于面粉的误解，并提供具体的、源自消费者的关于如何实施指南的建议。
