Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Int J Cancer. 2018 Aug 1;143(3):486-495. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31330. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
Current convincing evidence suggests that alcohol intake increases the risk of several carcinomas, which might subsequently lead to a recommendation toward limiting alcohol consumption. However, there are accumulating data worth meta-analyzing that show a different effect on the risk of hematological malignancies. Eligible cohort studies were sought in PubMed database up to August 31, 2016. Separate analyses were performed by subtype of hematological malignancy (non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL] and subtypes, Hodgkin lymphoma [HL], leukemia and subtypes), time status (ever, current, former), level of consumption (light, moderate, heavy), alcoholic beverage (total alcohol, beer, liquor, wine) and gender. Moderate and heavy alcohol consumption were significantly associated with reduced risk of NHL (relative risk [RR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-0.90 and RR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.60-0.89, respectively); a protective trend was also shown for light alcohol intake (RR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.87-1.00). Specifically, beer consumption was associated with reduced NHL risk (RR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.81-0.95). However, the association regarding other alcoholic beverages seemed null. The beneficial effects of alcohol mainly pertained to Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) (RR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.77-0.89) and Follicular Lymphoma (FL) (RR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.78-0.93). There was also no association between alcohol consumption and risk of HL or leukemias. In contrast to most solid malignancies, alcohol seems to confer a protective effect on NHL risk, especially on DLBCL and FL subtypes, with beer being notably beneficial.
目前有令人信服的证据表明，饮酒会增加罹患几种癌的风险，这可能会促使人们建议限制饮酒。然而，越来越多的数据值得进行荟萃分析，这些数据显示了饮酒对血液系统恶性肿瘤风险的不同影响。从 PubMed 数据库中检索到截至 2016 年 8 月 31 日的合格队列研究。按血液系统恶性肿瘤的亚型（非霍奇金淋巴瘤[NHL]及其亚型、霍奇金淋巴瘤[HL]、白血病及其亚型）、时间状态（现在、过去、曾经）、饮酒量（轻度、中度、重度）、酒精饮料（总酒精、啤酒、白酒、葡萄酒）和性别进行单独分析。中度和重度饮酒与 NHL 风险降低显著相关（相对风险[RR]分别为 0.85，95%置信区间[CI]：0.80-0.90 和 RR=0.73，95%CI：0.60-0.89）；轻度饮酒也显示出保护趋势（RR=0.93，95%CI：0.87-1.00）。具体而言，啤酒消费与 NHL 风险降低相关（RR=0.88，95%CI：0.81-0.95）。然而，关于其他酒精饮料的关联似乎为零。酒精的有益作用主要涉及弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤（RR=0.83，95%CI：0.77-0.89）和滤泡性淋巴瘤（RR=0.85，95%CI：0.78-0.93）。饮酒与 HL 或白血病的风险之间也没有关联。与大多数实体恶性肿瘤不同，酒精似乎对 NHL 风险有保护作用，特别是对 DLBCL 和 FL 亚型，而啤酒的益处尤为明显。
