Hartman Yvonne A W, Hopman Maria T E, Schreuder Tim H, Verheggen Rebecca J H M, Scholten Ralph R, Oudegeest-Sander Madelijn H, Poelkens Fleur, Maiorana Andrew J, Naylor Louise H, Willems Peter H, Tack Cees J, Thijssen Dick H J, Green Daniel J
Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Physiol Rep. 2018 Feb;6(4). doi: 10.14814/phy2.13595.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether changes in physical fitness relate to changes in cardiovascular risk factors following standardized, center-based and supervised exercise training programs in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. We pooled data from exercise training studies of subjects with increased cardiovascular risk (n = 166) who underwent 8-52 weeks endurance training. We determined fitness (i.e., peak oxygen uptake) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), before and after training. We divided subjects into quartiles based on improvement in fitness, and examined whether these groups differed in terms of risk factors. Associations between changes in fitness and in cardiovascular risk factors were further tested using Pearson correlations. Significant heterogeneity was apparent in the improvement of fitness and individual risk factors, with nonresponder rates of 17% for fitness, 44% for body mass index, 33% for mean arterial pressure, 49% for total cholesterol, and 49% for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Neither the number, nor the magnitude, of change in cardiovascular risk factors differed significantly between quartiles of fitness change. Changes in fitness were not correlated with changes in cardiovascular risk factors (all P > 0.05). Our data suggest that significant heterogeneity exists in changes in peak oxygen uptake after training, while improvement in fitness did not relate to improvement in cardiovascular risk factors. In subjects with increased cardiovascular risk, improvements in fitness are not obligatory for training-induced improvements in cardiovascular risk factors.
本研究的目的是评估在心血管疾病风险增加的受试者中，经过标准化、以中心为基础且有监督的运动训练项目后，体能变化是否与心血管疾病风险因素的变化相关。我们汇总了心血管疾病风险增加的受试者（n = 166）的运动训练研究数据，这些受试者接受了8 - 52周的耐力训练。我们在训练前后分别测定了体能（即峰值摄氧量）和传统心血管疾病风险因素（体重指数、血压、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）。我们根据体能改善情况将受试者分为四分位数，并检查这些组在风险因素方面是否存在差异。使用Pearson相关性进一步测试了体能变化与心血管疾病风险因素变化之间的关联。在体能和个体风险因素的改善方面存在明显的显著异质性，体能无反应率为17%，体重指数为44%，平均动脉压为33%，总胆固醇为49%，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为49%。在体能变化的四分位数之间，心血管疾病风险因素变化的数量和幅度均无显著差异。体能变化与心血管疾病风险因素变化不相关（所有P>0.05）。我们的数据表明，训练后峰值摄氧量变化存在显著异质性，而体能改善与心血管疾病风险因素的改善无关。在心血管疾病风险增加的受试者中，训练引起的心血管疾病风险因素改善并不一定伴随着体能改善。
