Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 26;8(1):3592. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22004-6.
Although dietary antibiotic growth promoters have long been used to increase growth performance in commercial food animal production, the biochemical details associated with these effects remain poorly defined. A metabolomics approach was used to characterize and identify the biochemical compounds present in the intestine of broiler chickens fed a standard, unsupplemented diet or a diet supplemented with the antibiotic growth promoters, virginiamycin or bacitracin methylene disalicylate. Compared with unsupplemented controls, the levels of 218 biochemicals were altered (156 increased, 62 decreased) in chickens given the virginiamycin-supplemented diet, while 119 were altered (96 increased, 23 decreased) with the bacitracin-supplemented diet. When compared between antibiotic-supplemented groups, 79 chemicals were altered (43 increased, 36 decreased) in virginiamycin- vs. bacitracin-supplemented chickens. The changes in the levels of intestinal biochemicals provided a distinctive biochemical signature unique to each antibiotic-supplemented group. These biochemical signatures were characterized by increases in the levels of metabolites of amino acids (e.g. 5-hydroxylysine, 2-aminoadipate, 5-hydroxyindoleaceate, 7-hydroxyindole sulfate), fatty acids (e.g. oleate/vaccenate, eicosapentaenoate, 16-hydroxypalmitate, stearate), nucleosides (e.g. inosine, N-methyladenosine), and vitamins (e.g. nicotinamide). These results provide the framework for future studies to identify natural chemical compounds to improve poultry growth performance without the use of in-feed antibiotics.
尽管饲用抗生素促生长剂长期以来一直被用于提高商业食品动物生产中的生长性能，但与这些作用相关的生化细节仍未得到明确界定。本研究采用代谢组学方法来描述和鉴定标准未添加抗生素日粮或添加抗生素促生长剂（维吉尼亚霉素或杆菌肽甲基二水杨酸盐）日粮喂养的肉鸡肠道中存在的生化化合物。与未添加抗生素的对照组相比，给予维吉尼亚霉素日粮的肉鸡肠道中有 218 种生化物质的水平发生了变化（156 种增加，62 种减少），而给予杆菌肽日粮的肉鸡肠道中有 119 种生化物质的水平发生了变化（96 种增加，23 种减少）。在抗生素添加组之间进行比较时，维吉尼亚霉素组与杆菌肽组相比，有 79 种化学物质发生了变化（43 种增加，36 种减少）。肠道生化物质水平的变化为每个添加抗生素的组提供了独特的生化特征。这些生化特征的特点是氨基酸代谢物（例如 5-羟赖氨酸、2-氨基己二酸、5-羟吲哚乙酸、7-羟吲哚硫酸盐）、脂肪酸（例如油酸/蓖麻酸、二十碳五烯酸、16-羟棕榈酸、硬脂酸）、核苷（例如肌苷、N-甲基腺苷）和维生素（例如烟酰胺）水平升高。这些结果为未来的研究提供了框架，以确定天然化学化合物来改善家禽的生长性能，而无需使用饲料中的抗生素。
