Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA.
AAPS J. 2018 Feb 26;20(2):37. doi: 10.1208/s12248-018-0200-2.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell membrane-derived compartments that regulate physiology and pathology in the body. Naturally secreted EVs have been well studied in their biogenesis and have been exploited in targeted drug delivery. Due to the limitations on production of EVs, nitrogen cavitation has been utilized to efficiently generate EV-like drug delivery systems used in treating inflammatory disorders. In this short review, we will discuss the production and purification of EVs, and we will summarize what technologies are needed to improve their production for translation. We describe the drug-loading processes in EVs and their applications as drug delivery systems for inflammatory therapies, focusing on a new type of EVs made from neutrophil membrane using nitrogen cavitation.
细胞外囊泡(EVs)是细胞膜衍生的隔室,可调节体内的生理和病理状态。天然分泌的 EVs 的生物发生过程已得到充分研究,并已被用于靶向药物传递。由于 EVs 的生产受到限制,因此利用氮空化来有效地生成用于治疗炎症性疾病的 EV 样药物传递系统。在这篇简短的综述中,我们将讨论 EVs 的生产和纯化,并总结需要哪些技术来改善其生产以进行转化。我们描述了 EV 中的药物加载过程及其作为炎症治疗的药物传递系统的应用,重点介绍了一种使用氮空化从中性粒细胞膜制备的新型 EVs。