1 Department of Health Psychology, University of California, San Francisco.
2 Department of Psychology, Northeastern University.
Psychol Sci. 2018 Apr;29(4):496-503. doi: 10.1177/0956797617741718. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
Affective realism, the phenomenon whereby affect is integrated into an individual's experience of the world, is a normal consequence of how the brain processes sensory information from the external world in the context of sensations from the body. In the present investigation, we provided compelling empirical evidence that affective realism involves changes in visual perception (i.e., affect changes how participants see neutral stimuli). In two studies, we used an interocular suppression technique, continuous flash suppression, to present affective images outside of participants' conscious awareness. We demonstrated that seen neutral faces are perceived as more smiling when paired with unseen affectively positive stimuli. Study 2 also demonstrated that seen neutral faces are perceived as more scowling when paired with unseen affectively negative stimuli. These findings have implications for real-world situations and challenge beliefs that affect is a distinct psychological phenomenon that can be separated from cognition and perception.
情感现实主义,即情感被整合到个体对世界的体验中的现象,是大脑在身体感觉的背景下处理来自外部世界的感官信息的正常结果。在本研究中,我们提供了令人信服的经验证据,表明情感现实主义涉及视觉感知的变化(即,情感改变参与者如何看待中性刺激)。在两项研究中,我们使用了眼间抑制技术,连续闪光抑制,在参与者的意识之外呈现情感图像。我们证明,当与看不见的情感积极刺激配对时,看到的中性面孔被感知为更微笑。研究 2 还表明,当与看不见的情感消极刺激配对时,看到的中性面孔被感知为更皱眉。这些发现对现实情况具有影响,并挑战了这样一种信念,即情感是一种独特的心理现象,可以与认知和感知分开。