Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Emotion. 2012 Dec;12(6):1210-21. doi: 10.1037/a0027514. Epub 2012 Apr 16.
Using Continuous Flash Suppression (CFS), we demonstrated in four experiments that affective information extracted from unseen faces influences both affective and personality judgments of neutral faces. In four experiments, participants judged neutral faces as more pleasant or unpleasant (Studies 1 and 2) or as more or less trustworthy, likable, and attractive (Study 3) or as more or less competent or interpersonally warm (Study 4) when paired with unseen smiling or scowling faces compared to when paired with unseen neutral faces. These findings suggest that affective influences are a normal part of everyday experience and provide evidence for the affective foundations consciousness. Affective misattribution arises even when affective changes occur after a neutral stimulus is presented, demonstrating that these affective influences cannot be explained as a simple semantic priming effect. These findings have implications for understanding the constructive nature of experience, as well as the role of affect in social impressions.
利用连续闪光抑制（CFS），我们在四项实验中证明，从未见面孔中提取的情感信息会影响对中性面孔的情感和人格判断。在四项实验中，与配对的未见中性面孔相比，当参与者与未见的笑脸或皱眉脸配对时，他们会将中性面孔判断为更愉快或不愉快（研究 1 和 2），或更值得信赖、更可爱、更有吸引力（研究 3），或更有能力或更具人际交往能力（研究 4）。这些发现表明，情感影响是日常生活经验的正常组成部分，并为意识的情感基础提供了证据。即使在中性刺激呈现后发生情感变化，情感归因也会出现，这表明这些情感影响不能简单地解释为语义启动效应。这些发现对于理解经验的建设性本质以及情感在社会印象中的作用具有重要意义。
