Aydogan Ebru L, Moser Gerald, Müller Christoph, Kämpfer Peter, Glaeser Stefanie P
Institute for Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Institute for Plant Ecology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Front Microbiol. 2018 Feb 13;9:144. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00144. eCollection 2018.
Global warming is currently a much discussed topic with as yet largely unexplored consequences for agro-ecosystems. Little is known about the warming effect on the bacterial microbiota inhabiting the plant surface (phyllosphere), which can have a strong impact on plant growth and health, as well as on plant diseases and colonization by human pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate surface warming on the diversity and composition of the bacterial leaf microbiota of the herbaceous plant . Leaves were collected from four control and four surface warmed (+2°C) plots located at the field site of the Environmental Monitoring and Climate Impact Research Station Linden in Germany over a 6-year period. Warming had no effect on the concentration of total number of cells attached to the leaf surface as counted by Sybr Green I staining after detachment, but changes in the diversity and phylogenetic composition of the bacterial leaf microbiota analyzed by bacterial 16S rRNA gene Illumina amplicon sequencing were observed. The bacterial phyllosphere microbiota were dominated by , , and . Warming caused a significant higher relative abundance of members of the , , and , and a lower relative abundance of members of the and . Plant beneficial bacteria like spp. and spp. occurred in significantly lower relative abundance in leaf samples of warmed plots. In contrast, several members of the , especially and , and other potential plant or human pathogenic genera such as and insect-associated and spp. occurred in higher relative abundances in the phyllosphere samples from warmed plots. This study showed for the first time the long-term impact of moderate (+2°C) surface warming on the phyllosphere microbiota on plants. A reduction of beneficial bacteria and an enhancement of potential pathogenic bacteria in the phyllosphere of plants may indicate that this aspect of the ecosystem which has been largely neglected up till now, can be a potential risk for pathogen transmission in agro-ecosystems in the near future.
全球变暖是当前一个备受热议的话题，其对农业生态系统的影响在很大程度上仍未得到充分探索。对于植物表面（叶际）栖息的细菌微生物群的变暖效应知之甚少，而这些微生物群会对植物生长和健康以及植物疾病和人类病原体的定殖产生重大影响。本研究的目的是调查适度的表面变暖对草本植物叶片细菌微生物群的多样性和组成的影响。在6年时间里，从德国林登环境监测与气候影响研究站田间站点的四个对照地块和四个表面变暖（+2°C）地块采集叶片。变暖对叶片脱离后经Sybr Green I染色计数的附着在叶片表面的细胞总数浓度没有影响，但通过细菌16S rRNA基因Illumina扩增子测序分析发现，叶片细菌微生物群的多样性和系统发育组成发生了变化。叶片细菌叶际微生物群以[具体菌群名称1]、[具体菌群名称2]和[具体菌群名称3]为主。变暖导致[具体菌群名称4]、[具体菌群名称5]和[具体菌群名称6]成员的相对丰度显著升高，而[具体菌群名称7]和[具体菌群名称8]成员的相对丰度降低。像[有益细菌属1] spp.和[有益细菌属2] spp.这样的植物有益细菌在变暖地块的叶片样本中的相对丰度显著较低。相反，[具体菌群名称9]的几个成员，特别是[具体菌群名称10]和[具体菌群名称11]，以及其他潜在的植物或人类致病属，如[具体致病属1]和与昆虫相关的[具体属1]和[具体属2] spp.，在变暖地块的叶际样本中的相对丰度较高。本研究首次展示了适度（+2°C）表面变暖对植物叶际微生物群的长期影响。植物叶际中有益细菌的减少和潜在致病细菌的增加可能表明，这个迄今为止在很大程度上被忽视的生态系统方面，在不久的将来可能成为农业生态系统中病原体传播的潜在风险。
