Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol. 2018 Mar;56(3):172-182. doi: 10.1007/s12275-018-8032-4. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
It is increasingly evident that bidirectional interactions exist among the gastrointestinal tract, the enteric nervous system, and the central nervous system. Recent preclinical and clinical trials have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in these gut-brain interactions. Furthermore, alterations in gut microbiota composition may be associated with pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, including stress, autism, depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the concepts of the microbiota-gut-brain axis is emerging. Here, we review the role of gut microbiota in bidirectional interactions between the gut and the brain, including neural, immune-mediated, and metabolic mechanisms. We highlight recent advances in the understanding of probiotic modulation of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders via the gut-brain axis.
越来越明显的是，胃肠道、肠神经系统和中枢神经系统之间存在双向相互作用。最近的临床前和临床试验表明，肠道微生物群在这些肠道-大脑相互作用中起着重要作用。此外，肠道微生物群组成的改变可能与各种神经障碍的发病机制有关，包括应激、自闭症、抑郁、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病。因此，微生物群-肠道-大脑轴的概念正在出现。在这里，我们回顾了肠道微生物群在肠道和大脑之间双向相互作用中的作用，包括神经、免疫介导和代谢机制。我们强调了通过肠道-大脑轴理解益生菌对神经和神经精神障碍的调节作用的最新进展。
