Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Robert Sobukwe Drive, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
Viruses. 2018 Feb 24;10(2):93. doi: 10.3390/v10020093.
Human coronaviruses cause both upper and lower respiratory tract infections in humans. In 2012, a sixth human coronavirus (hCoV) was isolated from a patient presenting with severe respiratory illness. The 60-year-old man died as a result of renal and respiratory failure after admission to a hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The aetiological agent was eventually identified as a coronavirus and designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). MERS-CoV has now been reported in more than 27 countries across the Middle East, Europe, North Africa and Asia. As of July 2017, 2040 MERS-CoV laboratory confirmed cases, resulting in 712 deaths, were reported globally, with a majority of these cases from the Arabian Peninsula. This review summarises the current understanding of MERS-CoV, with special reference to the (i) genome structure; (ii) clinical features; (iii) diagnosis of infection; and (iv) treatment and vaccine development.
人类冠状病毒可引起人类上下呼吸道感染。2012 年，从一名患有严重呼吸道疾病的患者中分离出第六种人类冠状病毒（hCoV）。该 60 岁男子在沙特阿拉伯吉达的一家医院入院后因肾和呼吸衰竭而死亡。病原体最终被确定为冠状病毒，并被命名为中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）。MERS-CoV 现已在中东、欧洲、北非和亚洲的 27 个以上国家报告。截至 2017 年 7 月，全球报告了 2040 例实验室确诊的 MERS-CoV 病例，导致 712 人死亡，其中大多数病例来自阿拉伯半岛。这篇综述总结了对 MERS-CoV 的现有认识，特别提到了（i）基因组结构；（ii）临床特征；（iii）感染诊断；和（iv）治疗和疫苗开发。
