Yang Li-Fen, Cai Liang-Ming, Li Ming, Liu Jin-Tao, Wang Zhao-Ni, Wang Wei-Hao, Yang Qin-Tai, Chen Zhuang-Gui
Department of Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit and Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2018 Feb 26;14:409-416. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S154692. eCollection 2018.
To investigate the alterative spectrum and trends of aeroallergens sensitization in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Guangzhou, China in the past 10 years.
In this retrospective study, 4,111 children with complaints of nasal hyper-reactivity who visited the Pediatric Department and/or Otolaryngology Department from January 2007 to November 2016 were enrolled. Serum specific immunoglobulin E was measured and positive detection was made in 3,328 patients, who were, therefore, diagnosed with AR. Positive rates and trends of different aeroallergens sensitization were assessed. The tendency of positive rates changing over the years, and the difference and trends in positive rate of aeroallergen sensitization that occurred in subgroups of gender, age, and season were determined and analyzed with logistic regression.
The percentage of detected common aeroallergens in AR children was (from high to low) 81.07%, 34.44%, 14.72%, 11.81%, 6.04%, and 3.70% for house dust mites (HDMs), cat-dog dander, cockroach, mold mixture, tree pollen mixture, and herb pollen mixture, respectively. An ascending trend of aeroallergens sensitization or AR (odds ratio [OR] =1.116, 95% CI: 1.086-1.146) was found. Interestingly, an increasing trend of cat-dog dander and mold sensitization was found in AR children (OR =1.164, 95% CI: 1.133-1.196; OR =1.169, 95% CI: 1.120-1.223) in this retrospective study, while HDMs sensitization held a steady trend (OR =0.983, 95% CI: 0.961-1.007).
In the increasing trend of aeroallergens sensitization or AR, HDMs sensitization still held the majority. But emphasis should be made on pet allergy for young children with AR in the context of ascending trend of sensitization to cat-dog dander.
调查过去10年中国广州过敏性鼻炎（AR）患儿气传变应原致敏的替代谱及趋势。
在这项回顾性研究中，纳入了2007年1月至2016年11月期间到儿科和/或耳鼻喉科就诊、主诉鼻高反应性的4111名儿童。检测血清特异性免疫球蛋白E，3328例患者检测呈阳性，因此被诊断为AR。评估不同气传变应原致敏的阳性率及趋势。用逻辑回归分析逐年阳性率变化趋势，以及性别、年龄和季节亚组中气传变应原致敏阳性率的差异及趋势。
AR患儿中检测到的常见气传变应原百分比（从高到低）分别为：屋尘螨（HDM）81.07%、猫 - 狗皮屑34.44%、蟑螂14.72%、混合霉菌11.81%、混合树花粉6.04%、混合草本花粉3.70%。发现气传变应原致敏或AR呈上升趋势（优势比[OR]=1.116，95%可信区间：1.086 - 1.146）。有趣的是，在这项回顾性研究中，发现AR患儿对猫 - 狗皮屑和霉菌致敏呈上升趋势（OR =1.164，95%可信区间：1.133 - 1.196；OR =1.169，95%可信区间：1.120 - 1.223），而HDM致敏呈稳定趋势（OR =0.983，95%可信区间：0.961 - 1.007）。
在气传变应原致敏或AR呈上升趋势的情况下，HDM致敏仍占多数。但鉴于对猫 - 狗皮屑致敏呈上升趋势，对于患有AR的幼儿应重视宠物过敏。
