食物过敏、呼吸道过敏和皮肤过敏与儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的关联。
Association of Food Allergy, Respiratory Allergy, and Skin Allergy with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Children.
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
Center for Disabilities and Development, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 21;14(3):474. doi: 10.3390/nu14030474.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have predominately examined associations of respiratory allergy and skin allergy with ADHD, but little is known about the association between food allergy and ADHD.
METHODS
We included 192,573 children aged 4-17 years from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a leading health survey in a nationally representative sample of the US population. Allergy conditions and ADHD were defined based on an affirmative response in the NHIS questionnaire. We used weighted logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of ADHD.
RESULTS
Among the 192,573 children, 15,376 reported ADHD diagnosis. The prevalence of ADHD was higher among children with allergic conditions: 12.66% vs. 7.99% among children with and without food allergy; 12.16% vs. 7.63% among children with and without respiratory allergy; and 11.46% vs. 7.83% among children with and without skin allergy. After adjusting for covariates, the OR of ADHD was 1.72 (95% CI, 1.55-1.91) comparing children with and without food allergy, 1.50 (95% CI, 1.41-1.59) comparing children with and without respiratory allergy, and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.55-1.75) comparing children with and without skin allergy. The observed associations remained significant after mutual adjustment for other allergic conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
In a nationally representative sample of US children, we found a significant association of common allergic conditions (food allergy, respiratory allergy, and skin allergy) with ADHD.
背景
先前的研究主要考察了呼吸道过敏和皮肤过敏与 ADHD 之间的关联，但对于食物过敏与 ADHD 之间的关联知之甚少。
方法
我们纳入了来自国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的 192573 名 4-17 岁儿童，这是美国人群具有代表性的主要健康调查。过敏状况和 ADHD 是根据 NHIS 问卷中的肯定回答来定义的。我们使用加权逻辑回归来估计 ADHD 的优势比（OR）。
结果
在这 192573 名儿童中，有 15376 名报告了 ADHD 诊断。有过敏状况的儿童中 ADHD 的患病率更高：有食物过敏的儿童为 12.66%，无食物过敏的儿童为 7.99%；有呼吸道过敏的儿童为 12.16%，无呼吸道过敏的儿童为 7.63%；有皮肤过敏的儿童为 11.46%，无皮肤过敏的儿童为 7.83%。在调整了协变量后，与无食物过敏的儿童相比，有食物过敏的儿童 ADHD 的 OR 为 1.72（95%CI，1.55-1.91），与无呼吸道过敏的儿童相比，有呼吸道过敏的儿童 ADHD 的 OR 为 1.50（95%CI，1.41-1.59），与无皮肤过敏的儿童相比，有皮肤过敏的儿童 ADHD 的 OR 为 1.65（95%CI，1.55-1.75）。在相互调整其他过敏状况后，观察到的关联仍然显著。
结论
在一个具有美国代表性的儿童样本中，我们发现常见过敏状况（食物过敏、呼吸道过敏和皮肤过敏）与 ADHD 显著相关。
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