Methods of Therapeutic Evaluation Of Chronic Diseases (METHODS) team, INSERM, UMR 1153, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center (CRESS), F-75014 Paris, France;
Faculté de Médicine, Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Mar 13;115(11):2613-2619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1710755115.
Publication in peer-reviewed journals is an essential step in the scientific process. However, publication is not simply the reporting of facts arising from a straightforward analysis thereof. Authors have broad latitude when writing their reports and may be tempted to consciously or unconsciously "spin" their study findings. Spin has been defined as a specific intentional or unintentional reporting that fails to faithfully reflect the nature and range of findings and that could affect the impression the results produce in readers. This article, based on a literature review, reports the various practices of spin from misreporting by "beautification" of methods to misreporting by misinterpreting the results. It provides data on the prevalence of some forms of spin in specific fields and the possible effects of some types of spin on readers' interpretation and research dissemination. We also discuss why researchers would spin their reports and possible ways to avoid it.
在同行评议期刊上发表文章是科学研究过程中的一个重要步骤。然而,发表并不仅仅是简单地报告从直接分析中得出的事实。作者在撰写报告时有很大的自由度,并且可能会有意或无意地“歪曲”他们的研究结果。“歪曲”被定义为一种特定的、有意或无意的报告,未能忠实地反映研究结果的本质和范围,并且可能会影响读者对结果的印象。本文基于文献综述,报告了各种歪曲行为,包括美化方法的错误报告和错误解释结果的错误报告。本文还提供了特定领域某些形式歪曲行为的普遍性数据,以及某些类型的歪曲行为对读者解释和研究传播的可能影响。我们还讨论了为什么研究人员会歪曲他们的报告以及可能避免这种情况的方法。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018-3-13
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