中国煤矿工人高血压和噪声性听力损失的患病率
Prevalence of hypertension and noise-induced hearing loss in Chinese coal miners.
作者信息
Liu Jing, Xu Ming, Ding Lu, Zhang Hengdong, Pan Liping, Liu Qingdong, Ding Enming, Zhao Qiuni, Wang Boshen, Han Lei, Yang Dandan, Zhu Baoli
机构信息
1 Nanjing Prevention and Treatment Centre for Occupational Disease, Nanjing 210042, China ; 2 Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China ; 3 Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215003, China ; 4 Department of Integrated Management & Emergency Preparedness and Response, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China.
出版信息
J Thorac Dis. 2016 Mar;8(3):422-9. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2016.02.59.
BACKGROUND
Owing to inconsistent epidemiologic evidence and the presence of confounding factors, the relation between occupational noise exposure and hypertension still remained unclear. We aimed to assess whether Chinese coal miners were at risk of developing hypertension and noise induced hearing loss (NIHL), and whether occupational noise exposure was a risk factor of hypertension.
METHODS
A questionnaire was designed to collect information from 738 study participants, all of whom were employees from the Datun Xuzhou Coal Company. The participants were divided into a noise-exposed group and a control group based on the noise level to which they were exposed in the workplace. The differences in the mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were compared between the noise-exposed and control groups. Also the prevalence and age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] of audiometric deficit and hypertension was compared in the study. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the relation between occupational noise level and hypertension while controlling for potential confounding factors.
RESULTS
Hypertension was more prevalent in noise-exposed group than the control group, 29.2% vs. 21.2% (P=0.012). The noise-exposed group faced an increased risk of hypertension (age-adjusted OR =1.52, 95% CI =1.07-2.15) when the control group was used as reference. The mean values of SBP and DBP of the noise-exposed groups were significantly higher than the control group (P=0.006 and P=0.002 respectively). Hearing loss at low frequencies was significantly more prevalent in the noise-exposed group than the control group, 12.8% vs. 7.4% (P=0.015), while the noise-exposed group faced the increased risk of hearing loss at low frequencies (age-adjusted OR =1.81, 95% CI =1.10-2.96). LEX, 8h (OR =1.036, 95% CI =1.012-1.060) was an independent risk of hypertension when controlling for potential confounding factors.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that the occupational noise had an effect on the hypertension and hearing loss of Chinese coal miners. And the occupational noise was an independent risk factor for hypertension and could increase the values of SBP and DBP.
背景
由于流行病学证据不一致以及存在混杂因素，职业噪声暴露与高血压之间的关系仍不明确。我们旨在评估中国煤矿工人是否有患高血压和噪声性听力损失（NIHL）的风险，以及职业噪声暴露是否为高血压的危险因素。
方法
设计了一份问卷，以收集738名研究参与者的信息，所有参与者均为徐州大屯煤业公司的员工。根据参与者在工作场所接触的噪声水平，将他们分为噪声暴露组和对照组。比较噪声暴露组和对照组收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）均值的差异。此外，还比较了研究中听力减退和高血压的患病率以及年龄调整后的优势比（OR）[95%置信区间（CIs）]。在控制潜在混杂因素的同时，使用二元逻辑回归评估职业噪声水平与高血压之间的关系。
结果
噪声暴露组的高血压患病率高于对照组，分别为29.2%和21.2%（P = 0.012）。以对照组为参照时，噪声暴露组患高血压的风险增加（年龄调整后的OR = 1.52，95% CI = 1.07 - 2.15）。噪声暴露组的SBP和DBP均值显著高于对照组（分别为P = 0.006和P = 0.002）。噪声暴露组低频听力损失的患病率显著高于对照组，分别为12.8%和7.4%（P = 0.015），同时噪声暴露组面临低频听力损失风险增加（年龄调整后的OR = 1.81，95% CI = 1.10 - 2.96）。在控制潜在混杂因素时，LEX, 8h（OR = 1.036，95% CI = 1.012 - 1.060）是高血压的独立危险因素。
结论
我们发现职业噪声对中国煤矿工人的高血压和听力损失有影响。并且职业噪声是高血压的独立危险因素，可升高SBP和DBP值。
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