维生素 K 缺乏症：病例报告及现行指南综述。
Vitamin K deficiency: a case report and review of current guidelines.
机构信息
Pediatric and Infectious Disease Unit, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy.
Pediatric Department, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Ital J Pediatr. 2018 Mar 14;44(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s13052-018-0474-0.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Vitamin K, a fat soluble vitamin, is a necessary cofactor for the activation of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C and S. In neonatal period, vitamin K deficiency may lead to Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB).
CASE PRESENTATION
We present the case of a 2 months and 20 days Caucasian male, presented for bleeding from the injections sites of vaccines. At birth oral vitamin K prophylaxis was administered. Neonatal period was normal. He was exclusively breastfed and received a daily oral supplementation with 25 μg of vitamin K. A late onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding was suspected. Intravenous Vitamin K was administered with complete recovery.
CONCLUSIONS
Nevertheless the oral prophylaxis, our case developed a VKDB: it is necessary to revise the current guidelines in order to standardize timing and dosage in different clinical conditions.
摘要
背景
维生素 K 是一种脂溶性维生素，是凝血因子 II、VII、IX、X 和蛋白 C、S 激活所必需的辅助因子。在新生儿期，维生素 K 缺乏可能导致维生素 K 缺乏性出血症（VKDB）。
病例介绍
我们报告了一例 2 个月零 20 天的白人男性，因疫苗注射部位出血就诊。出生时给予口服维生素 K 预防。新生儿期正常。他完全母乳喂养，并每天口服补充 25μg 的维生素 K。疑似迟发性维生素 K 缺乏性出血。给予静脉注射维生素 K 后完全康复。
结论
尽管进行了口服预防，我们的病例仍发生了 VKDB：有必要修订当前指南，以规范不同临床情况下的时间和剂量。
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