Alhakimi Hamdi Abdulwahab, Mohamed Omima Gadalla, Khogaly Hayat Salah Eldin, Arafa Khalid Ahmad Omar, Ahmed Waled Amen
Federal Ministry of Health, Public Health Institute & Epidemiology Department, Sudan.
Federal Ministry of Health, Epidemiology Department, Sudan.
AIMS Public Health. 2015 Mar 25;2(1):132-141. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2015.1.132. eCollection 2015.
The study aims at analyzing the epidemiological, clinical and entomological characteristics of Darfur yellow fever epidemic. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional study. According to operational case definition, suspected yellow fever cases are included in case spread sheet with variables like age, sex, locality, occupation, status of vaccination, onset of symptoms, presenting symptoms, date of blood sampling and confirmation of diagnosis either by laboratory results or epidemiological link. Data about important entomological indices were collected by surveys conducted in 17 localities of 3 Darfur states (Central, West and south Darfur). All Darfur states (especially Central Darfur) have been affected by Yellow Fever outbreak. There is a need to review the non-specific case definition of Yellow Fever which seems to overwhelm the system during outbreaks with cases of other endemic diseases. The significant risk factors of this outbreak included male sex, adult age, outdoor occupation and traditional mining. The fatality rate was significantly associated with vaccination status. The highest fatality rate was recorded by children less than 2 years old (42.9%). Generally, increase in certain entomological indices was followed by increase in number of reported cases 7 days later. Central Darfur state was significantly higher in most studied entomological indices.
该研究旨在分析达尔富尔黄热病疫情的流行病学、临床和昆虫学特征。这是一项描述性横断面研究。根据操作性病例定义，疑似黄热病病例被纳入病例一览表，其中包含年龄、性别、地点、职业、疫苗接种状况、症状发作、呈现的症状、采血日期以及通过实验室结果或流行病学关联确诊等变量。通过在达尔富尔3个州（中达尔富尔、西达尔富尔和南达尔富尔）的17个地区进行调查，收集了有关重要昆虫学指标的数据。所有达尔富尔州（尤其是中达尔富尔）都受到了黄热病疫情的影响。有必要审查黄热病的非特异性病例定义，在其他地方病病例的疫情期间，该定义似乎使系统不堪重负。此次疫情的重要风险因素包括男性、成年人、户外职业和传统采矿。死亡率与疫苗接种状况显著相关。2岁以下儿童的死亡率最高（42.9%）。一般来说，某些昆虫学指标增加后，7天后报告的病例数也会增加。在大多数研究的昆虫学指标方面，中达尔富尔州明显更高。
