Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2018 Mar 16;10(3):359. doi: 10.3390/nu10030359.
The aim of is to determine the association of vitamins with glaucoma by performing a systematic review and meta-analyses.
Studies on the relation of vitamins and glaucoma published up to December 2017 were identified in the PubMed and Embase database. Data on vitamins (method of assessment), glaucoma (type and method of assessment), study characteristics and quality were recorded. In case of multiple studies for one nutrient a meta-analysis was performed.
A total of 629 articles were identified of which 36 were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis included five of them (940 open-angle glaucoma (OAG) cases and 123,697 controls in total) and resulted in an odds ratio [95% confidence interval] (OR [95% CI]) of 0.58 [0.37-0.91] for dietary vitamin A, though heterogeneity was high (I² = 51%). After omitting studies that contributed significantly to the heterogeneity, the pooled OR [95% CI] was 0.45 [0.30-0.68] for dietary vitamin A on OAG (I² = 0%). For vitamin B1, C and E no significant association with OAG was found (OR [95% CI]: 0.84 [0.47-1.51]; 0.68 [0.38-1.22]; 0.95 [0.75-1.19]; respectively). However, after addressing heterogeneity, vitamin C showed a protective effect as well. Especially, foods high in these vitamins (e.g., dark green vegetables) were protective for OAG.
Dietary intake of vitamin A and C showed a beneficial association with OAG; however, findings on blood levels of vitamins do not show a clear relation with OAG.
本研究旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析来确定维生素与青光眼之间的关联。
在 PubMed 和 Embase 数据库中检索截至 2017 年 12 月发表的有关维生素与青光眼关系的研究。记录有关维生素（评估方法）、青光眼（类型和评估方法）、研究特征和质量的数据。对于一种营养素的多项研究，进行了荟萃分析。
共确定了 629 篇文章，其中 36 篇被纳入系统综述。荟萃分析纳入了其中的 5 篇（共 940 例开角型青光眼（OAG）病例和 123697 例对照），结果显示饮食维生素 A 的比值比（95%置信区间）（OR [95%CI]）为 0.58 [0.37-0.91]，但异质性较高（I² = 51%）。在排除对异质性有显著贡献的研究后，饮食维生素 A 对 OAG 的汇总 OR [95%CI]为 0.45 [0.30-0.68]（I² = 0%）。对于维生素 B1、C 和 E，与 OAG 无显著相关性（OR [95%CI]：0.84 [0.47-1.51]；0.68 [0.38-1.22]；0.95 [0.75-1.19]）。然而，在解决异质性后，维生素 C 也显示出保护作用。特别是富含这些维生素的食物（如深绿色蔬菜）对 OAG 具有保护作用。
饮食中维生素 A 和 C 的摄入与 OAG 呈有益关联；然而，血液中维生素水平的研究结果并未显示出与 OAG 有明确的关系。
