Psychology, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA.
Psychology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2018 Jun;27(2):e1612. doi: 10.1002/mpr.1612. Epub 2018 Mar 25.
Carver and White's behavioral inhibition system and behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS) scales are the most widely used to assess constructs of the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory. This study provides a re-examination of the latent structure of the original BIS/BAS scales.
The interpretability of the three purported BAS subfactors relative to a "general behavioral activation" factor was assessed using Schmid-Leiman and standard confirmatory factor analysis. Regarding the BIS scale, comparisons were made between (a) Carver and White's unidimensional BIS model, (b) Johnson, Turner, and Iwata's 2-factor BIS model, (c) Heym, Ferguson, and Lawrence's alternative 2-factor BIS model, and (d) a modified Heym et al. model (unidimensional) controlling for method effects of reverse-scored items.
Results revealed the majority of variance of individual BAS items was accounted for by a common, general BAS dimension. Additionally, for the BIS scale, results of the χ difference statistical test supporting the 1-factor model, as well as the noted theoretical and psychometric difficulties in interpreting a multifactor BIS scale, provide converging support that BIS items actually represent a single, unidimensional factor.
The collective results suggested that the BIS and BAS scales should be conceptualized as separate unidimensional measures, which is consistent with theory behind the original development.
卡弗和怀特的行为抑制系统和行为激活系统（BIS/BAS）量表是评估修订后的强化敏感性理论结构最常用的量表。本研究重新检验了原始 BIS/BAS 量表的潜在结构。
使用 Schmid-Leiman 和标准验证性因子分析评估了相对于“一般行为激活”因子，三个假定的 BAS 亚因素的可解释性。关于 BIS 量表，我们比较了（a）卡弗和怀特的单维 BIS 模型，（b）约翰逊、特纳和伊瓦塔的 2 因素 BIS 模型，（c）海姆、弗格森和劳伦斯的替代 2 因素 BIS 模型，以及（d）控制反向评分项目方法效应的修改后的海姆等人的模型（单维）。
结果表明，个体 BAS 项目的大部分方差都可以用一个共同的、一般的 BAS 维度来解释。此外，对于 BIS 量表，支持单因素模型的 χ 差异统计检验结果，以及解释多因素 BIS 量表的理论和心理测量困难，都为 BIS 项目实际上代表一个单一的、单维因素提供了一致的支持。
集体结果表明，BIS 和 BAS 量表应被视为独立的单维度测量，这与原始开发背后的理论一致。
