Kalli Maria, Stylianopoulos Triantafyllos
Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Front Oncol. 2018 Mar 12;8:55. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00055. eCollection 2018.
Solid tumors are characterized by an abnormal stroma that contributes to the development of biomechanical abnormalities in the tumor microenvironment. In particular, these abnormalities include an increase in matrix stiffness and an accumulation of solid stress in the tumor interior. So far, it is not clearly defined whether matrix stiffness and solid stress are strongly related to each other or they have distinct roles in tumor progression. Moreover, while the effects of stiffness on tumor progression are extensively studied compared to the contribution of solid stress, it is important to ascertain the biological outcomes of both abnormalities in tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we discuss how each of these parameters is evolved during tumor growth and how these parameters are influenced by each other. We further review the effects of matrix stiffness and solid stress on the proliferative and metastatic potential of cancer and stromal cells and summarize the experimental setups that have been designed to study the individual contribution of these parameters.
实体瘤的特征是存在异常基质，这会导致肿瘤微环境中出现生物力学异常。具体而言，这些异常包括基质硬度增加以及肿瘤内部固体应力的积累。到目前为止，尚不清楚基质硬度和固体应力是否彼此密切相关，或者它们在肿瘤进展中是否具有不同的作用。此外，与固体应力的作用相比，虽然已经广泛研究了硬度对肿瘤进展的影响，但确定这两种异常在肿瘤发生和转移中的生物学结果非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这些参数在肿瘤生长过程中是如何演变的，以及它们如何相互影响。我们还回顾了基质硬度和固体应力对癌细胞和基质细胞增殖及转移潜能的影响，并总结了为研究这些参数的个体作用而设计的实验设置。
