Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, Bellevue, Washington 98007, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Annu Rev Anal Chem (Palo Alto Calif). 2018 Jun 12;11(1):219-244. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125737. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
The performance, field utility, and low cost of lateral flow assays (LFAs) have driven a tremendous shift in global health care practices by enabling diagnostic testing in previously unserved settings. This success has motivated the continued improvement of LFAs through increasingly sophisticated materials and reagents. However, our mechanistic understanding of the underlying processes that drive the informed design of these systems has not received commensurate attention. Here, we review the principles underpinning LFAs and the historical evolution of theory to predict their performance. As this theory is integrated into computational models and becomes testable, the criteria for quantifying performance and validating predictive power are critical. The integration of computational design with LFA development offers a promising and coherent framework to choose from an increasing number of novel materials, techniques, and reagents to deliver the low-cost, high-fidelity assays of the future.
侧向流动检测（LFA）的性能、现场实用性和低成本推动了全球医疗保健实践的巨大转变，使诊断测试能够在以前无法提供服务的环境中进行。这种成功促使通过越来越复杂的材料和试剂不断改进 LFAs。然而，我们对推动这些系统有针对性设计的基础过程的机械理解并没有得到相应的重视。在这里，我们回顾了 LFAs 的基本原则和历史上预测其性能的理论演变。随着该理论被整合到计算模型中并变得可测试，量化性能和验证预测能力的标准至关重要。将计算设计与 LFA 开发相结合，为从越来越多的新型材料、技术和试剂中进行选择提供了一个有前途且一致的框架，以提供低成本、高保真度的未来检测。
