Department of Biological Engineering, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Synthetic Biology Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2018 Jun;16(6):333-339. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0002-7.
Genetic manipulation of microorganisms has been crucial in understanding their biology, yet for many microbial species, robust tools for comprehensive genetic analysis were lacking until the advent of CRISPR-Cas-based gene editing techniques. In this Progress article, we discuss advances in CRISPR-based techniques for the genetic analysis of genetically intractable microorganisms, with an emphasis on mycobacteria, fungi and parasites. We discuss how CRISPR-based analyses in these organisms have enabled the discovery of novel gene functions, the investigation of genetic interaction networks and the identification of virulence factors.
遗传操作微生物在理解其生物学方面一直至关重要，但对于许多微生物物种来说，直到 CRISPR-Cas 为基础的基因编辑技术出现，才缺乏全面遗传分析的强大工具。在这篇进展文章中，我们讨论了基于 CRISPR 的技术在遗传上难以处理的微生物的遗传分析中的进展，重点是分枝杆菌、真菌和寄生虫。我们讨论了这些生物体中的基于 CRISPR 的分析如何能够发现新的基因功能，研究遗传相互作用网络以及鉴定毒力因子。
