a Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia , USA.
b Department of Psychological Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana , USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2018 Aug;37(6):487-493. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1440658. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
Individuals looking to improve their health or weight status often use nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS), yet NNS consumption has been associated with increased risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Most studies examining NNS only assess total intake using diet soda as a proxy for NNS consumption, without distinguishing potential risks associated with individual sweeteners. The objective of this cross-sectional investigation was to identify whether there were associations between NNS consumption (total or individual) and risk factors for MetS in adults (n = 125) from Southwest Virginia.
Participants provided three 24-hour dietary recalls and blood pressure, waist circumference, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed. Linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, caloric intake, dietary quality, and physical activity, examined associations between total and individual types of NNS with MetS and MetS risk factors.
Sixty-three participants were classified as NNS consumers and eighteen met the criteria for MetS. While no significant associations between MetS and NNS consumption were found, waist circumference was positively associated with total NNS, saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame potassium, and both fasting glucose and triglyceride values were positively associated with total NNS and aspartame consumption.
While these cross-sectional data are consistent with previous work implicating NNS in development of MetS, additional research using randomized controlled trials is needed to clarify whether and how NNS in general or specific NNS might contribute to risk factors for MetS. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03364452).
寻求改善健康或体重状况的个体通常会使用非营养性甜味剂（NNS），但 NNS 的消费已与代谢综合征（MetS）的风险因素增加相关。大多数研究仅通过使用无糖苏打水作为 NNS 消费的代表来评估 NNS 的总摄入量，而没有区分与个别甜味剂相关的潜在风险。本横断面研究的目的是确定在来自弗吉尼亚州西南部的成年人（n = 125）中，NNS 消费（总摄入量或个别摄入量）与 MetS 的风险因素之间是否存在关联。
参与者提供了三份 24 小时饮食记录，并且评估了血压、腰围、空腹血糖、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。线性回归模型，调整了年龄、性别、热量摄入、饮食质量和身体活动，研究了总 NNS 和个别类型的 NNS 与 MetS 和 MetS 风险因素之间的关联。
63 名参与者被归类为 NNS 消费者，18 名参与者符合 MetS 的标准。虽然未发现 MetS 与 NNS 消费之间存在显著关联，但腰围与总 NNS、糖精、三氯蔗糖和安赛蜜 K 呈正相关，空腹血糖和甘油三酯值与总 NNS 和阿斯巴甜的消费呈正相关。
虽然这些横断面数据与以前的工作一致，表明 NNS 与 MetS 的发展有关，但需要使用随机对照试验进行进一步研究，以明确 NNS 总体或特定 NNS 是否以及如何导致 MetS 的风险因素。本试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册（NCT03364452）。
