Department of Environmental Science and Ecology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
Center for Chemical Ecology, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Plant Cell Environ. 2018 Jul;41(7):1673-1682. doi: 10.1111/pce.13204. Epub 2018 May 23.
Although considerable evidence has accumulated on the defensive activity of plant volatile organic compounds against pathogens and insect herbivores, less is known about the significance of volatile organic compounds emitted by plants under abiotic stress. Here, we report that green leaf volatiles (GLVs), which were previously shown to prime plant defences against insect herbivore attack, also protect plants against cold stress (4 °C). We show that the expression levels of several cold stress-related genes are significantly up-regulated in maize (Zea mays) seedlings treated with physiological concentrations of the GLV, (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate (Z-3-HAC), and that seedlings primed with Z-3-HAC exhibit increased growth and reduced damage after cold stress relative to unprimed seedlings. Together, these data demonstrate the protective and priming effect of GLVs against cold stress and suggest an activity of GLVs beyond the activation of typical plant defence responses against herbivores and pathogens.
尽管已经积累了相当多的证据表明植物挥发性有机化合物对病原体和昆虫食草动物具有防御作用，但对于植物在非生物胁迫下释放的挥发性有机化合物的意义知之甚少。在这里，我们报告说，先前已被证明可引发植物抵御昆虫食草动物攻击的绿叶挥发物 (GLV)，也能保护植物免受冷胁迫（4°C）。我们表明，用生理浓度的 GLV（Z）-3-己烯-1-基乙酸酯（Z-3-HAC）处理的玉米（Zea mays）幼苗中，几种与冷胁迫相关的基因的表达水平显著上调，并且与未用 Z-3-HAC 处理的幼苗相比，用 Z-3-HAC 处理的幼苗在冷胁迫后表现出生长增加和损伤减少。总之，这些数据表明 GLV 对冷胁迫具有保护和引发作用，并表明 GLV 的活性超出了激活植物对食草动物和病原体的典型防御反应的范围。
