Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 2;13(4):e0194751. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194751. eCollection 2018.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the most commonly used filler material that lacks biological properties and osteoconductivity or osteoinductivity. Platelet gel (PG) is a typical source of growth factors, cytokines and molecules efficient for bone formation and remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone healing and regeneration of bone defect in rat model by combining PMMA with PG. A total of 50 defects were created in the diaphysis of the radii of 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats. These defects were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10 defects for each group) and treated by autograft, plain PMMA, PG and PMMA-PG or left untreated. The rats were examined clinically and radiologically during the experiment and also after euthanasia at the 8th post-operative week, the healed defects were evaluated by gross morphology, histopathology, histomorphometry, computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy and biomechanical testing. PG could function as efficiently as autograft in promoting bone healing of the radial bones. Additionally, bone formation, and densities of cartilaginous and osseous tissues in the defects treated with autograft, PG and PMMA-PG were more satisfactory than the untreated and PMMA treated defects. Compared with the PMMA-PG implant, more PMMA residuals remained in the defect area and induced more intense inflammatory reaction. In conclusion, addition of PG could improve the bone regenerative properties of PMMA bone cement compared with PMMA alone in vivo. Therefore, the PG-PMMA can be proposed as a promising option to increase regenerative potential of PMMA, particularly when it is used as fixator, filler or adhesive in the dentistry, neurosurgery and bone tissue engineering applications.
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）是最常用的填充材料，缺乏生物特性和骨传导性或骨诱导性。血小板凝胶（PG）是生长因子、细胞因子和有效促进骨形成和重塑的分子的典型来源。本研究旨在通过将 PMMA 与 PG 结合来评估大鼠模型中骨缺损的骨愈合和再生。在 25 只雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠的桡骨干中总共创建了 50 个缺陷。这些缺陷被随机分为五组（每组 n = 10 个缺陷），分别用自体移植物、普通 PMMA、PG 和 PMMA-PG 或不治疗。在实验过程中，对大鼠进行临床和放射学检查，并在术后第 8 周安乐死后进行检查，通过大体形态学、组织病理学、组织形态计量学、计算机断层扫描、扫描电子显微镜和生物力学测试评估愈合的缺陷。PG 可作为自体移植物的有效替代品，促进桡骨的骨愈合。此外，与未处理和 PMMA 处理的缺陷相比，用自体移植物、PG 和 PMMA-PG 处理的缺陷中的软骨和骨组织的形成和密度更令人满意。与 PMMA-PG 植入物相比，更多的 PMMA 残留留在缺陷区域并引起更强烈的炎症反应。总之，与单独使用 PMMA 相比，添加 PG 可以改善 PMMA 骨水泥的骨再生特性。因此，PG-PMMA 可作为一种有前途的选择，以增加 PMMA 的再生潜力，特别是当它在牙科、神经外科和骨组织工程应用中用作固定剂、填充物或粘合剂时。
