Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia.
Centre for Disability Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2018 Dec 1;40(4):e502-e509. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy062.
The health risks of cigarette smoking are well established. As a result, reducing cigarette smoking is a key concern for public health agencies. Little is known about rates of smoking among adults with disabilities.
Secondary analysis of data collected in Waves 2 and 7 of 'Understanding Society', an annual household panel study.
Age and gender adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of adults with disabilities smoking increased significantly from 1.41 (1.33-1.49) in 2010-12 to 1.57 (1.45-1.70) in 2015-17 (P = 0.032). AORs of adults with disabilities smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day increased non-significantly from 1.83 (1.66-2.02) in 2010-12 to 1.90 (1.65-2.20) in 2015-17. These changes were evident for both men and women and across age groups. Additionally adjusting these estimates to take account of between group differences in socioeconomic position significantly reduced the AORs for both smoking outcomes. Changes over time in AORs reflected a more rapid decline in smoking among participants without a disability.
Adults with disabilities are more likely than their peers to smoke. Public health agencies and practitioners may wish to consider what reasonable adjustments may need to be made to policies and interventions to ensure that they are effective for adults with disabilities.
吸烟对健康的危害已得到充分证实。因此，减少吸烟是公共卫生机构关注的重点。目前，残疾成年人吸烟率的相关信息知之甚少。
利用“理解社会”（一项年度家庭面板研究）在第 2 波和第 7 波收集的数据进行二次分析。
经过年龄和性别调整后，残疾成年人吸烟的优势比（AOR）从 2010-12 年的 1.41（1.33-1.49）显著增加到 2015-17 年的 1.57（1.45-1.70）（P = 0.032）。残疾成年人每天吸烟 20 支或以上的 AOR 从 2010-12 年的 1.83（1.66-2.02）非显著增加到 2015-17 年的 1.90（1.65-2.20）。这些变化在男性和女性以及不同年龄组中均有体现。此外，在这些估计中加入组间社会经济地位差异的调整，显著降低了这两种吸烟结果的 AOR。AOR 随时间的变化反映了残疾参与者中吸烟率的下降速度更快。
残疾成年人比同龄人更有可能吸烟。公共卫生机构和从业人员可能需要考虑对政策和干预措施进行合理调整，以确保这些政策和干预措施对残疾成年人有效。
