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本文引用的文献

1
Circulating exosomes carrying an immunosuppressive cargo interfere with cellular immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia.携带免疫抑制性货物的循环外泌体干扰急性髓系白血病的细胞免疫治疗。
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 31;7(1):14684. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14661-w.
2
Suppression of Lymphocyte Functions by Plasma Exosomes Correlates with Disease Activity in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.血浆外泌体对淋巴细胞功能的抑制与头颈癌患者的疾病活动相关。
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Introduction to Extracellular Vesicles: Biogenesis, RNA Cargo Selection, Content, Release, and Uptake.细胞外囊泡简介：生物发生、RNA 货物选择、内容物、释放和摄取
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Apr;36(3):301-12. doi: 10.1007/s10571-016-0366-z. Epub 2016 Apr 6.
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Isolation of biologically active and morphologically intact exosomes from plasma of patients with cancer.从癌症患者的血浆中分离具有生物活性和形态完整的外泌体。
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Exosomes and tumor-mediated immune suppression.外泌体与肿瘤介导的免疫抑制。
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Proteomic comparison defines novel markers to characterize heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicle subtypes.蛋白质组学比较确定了用于表征细胞外囊泡亚型异质群体的新型标志物。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Feb 23;113(8):E968-77. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1521230113. Epub 2016 Feb 8.
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Glypican-1 identifies cancer exosomes and detects early pancreatic cancer.磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-1可识别癌症外泌体并检测早期胰腺癌。
Nature. 2015 Jul 9;523(7559):177-82. doi: 10.1038/nature14581. Epub 2015 Jun 24.
8
Methods of isolating extracellular vesicles impact down-stream analyses of their cargoes.分离细胞外囊泡的方法会影响对其 cargoes 的下游分析。 （注：“cargoes”在这里可结合语境理解为“携带物”等意思，在医学领域可能指囊泡所携带的各种生物分子等）
Methods. 2015 Oct 1;87:3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.02.019. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
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Ectosomes and exosomes: shedding the confusion between extracellular vesicles.外泌体和微泡：消除细胞外囊泡之间的混淆。
Trends Cell Biol. 2015 Jun;25(6):364-72. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.01.004. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
10
Isolation and characterization of CD34+ blast-derived exosomes in acute myeloid leukemia.急性髓系白血病中CD34+母细胞来源外泌体的分离与鉴定
PLoS One. 2014 Aug 5;9(8):e103310. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103310. eCollection 2014.

血浆外泌体在癌症患者诊断、预后及治疗中的新兴作用。

The emerging role of plasma exosomes in diagnosis, prognosis and therapies of patients with cancer.

作者信息

Whiteside Theresa L

机构信息

University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, USA.

出版信息

Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2018 Mar;22(1A):38-40. doi: 10.5114/wo.2018.73882. Epub 2018 Mar 5.

DOI:10.5114/wo.2018.73882
PMID:29628792
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5885072/
Abstract

Exosomes, small (30-150nm) extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin, are present in all body fluids of cancer patients. Tumor-derived exosomes, TEX, emerge as potentially promising non-invasive biomarkers of tumor progression and of immune cell dysfunction in cancer. Exosomes isolated from plasma by size exclusion chromatography can be fractionated into TEX and non-TEX by immune capture on beads. Profiling of molecular and genetic contents of TEX shows that levels if immunosuppressive proteins, such as PD-L1, carried by TEX associate with disease progression. The data suggest that TEX have a to serve as tumor surrogates, while immune cell-derived exosomes might serve as biomarkers of immune dysfunction in cancer.

摘要

外泌体是源自内吞作用的小（30 - 150纳米）细胞外囊泡，存在于癌症患者的所有体液中。肿瘤来源的外泌体（TEX）成为肿瘤进展和癌症中免疫细胞功能障碍潜在的有前景的非侵入性生物标志物。通过尺寸排阻色谱法从血浆中分离的外泌体可以通过磁珠免疫捕获分为TEX和非TEX。TEX分子和遗传内容的分析表明，TEX携带的免疫抑制蛋白如PD-L1的水平与疾病进展相关。数据表明TEX可作为肿瘤替代物，而免疫细胞来源的外泌体可能作为癌症中免疫功能障碍的生物标志物。